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Autonomous agents for cyber applications take advantage of modern defense techniques by adopting intelligent agents with conventional and learning-enabled components. These intelligent agents are trained via reinforcement learning (RL)…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) often exhibit overconfidence when encountering out-of-distribution (OOD) samples, posing significant challenges for deployment. Since DNNs are trained on in-distribution (ID) datasets, the information flow of ID…

Background. Commonly, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) generalize well on samples drawn from a distribution similar to that of the training set. However, DNNs' predictions are brittle and unreliable when the test samples are drawn from a…

Density-based Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection has recently been shown unreliable for the task of detecting OOD images. Various density ratio based approaches achieve good empirical performance, however methods typically lack a…

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detectors can act as safety monitors in embedded cyber-physical systems by identifying samples outside a machine learning model's training distribution to prevent potentially unsafe actions. However, OOD detectors…

Machine learning (ML) has become increasingly popular in network intrusion detection. However, ML-based solutions always respond regardless of whether the input data reflects known patterns, a common issue across safety-critical…

Machine learning techniques are immensely deployed in both industry and academy. Recent studies indicate that machine learning models used for classification tasks are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which limits the usage of…

In this work, we train a network to simultaneously perform segmentation and pixel-wise Out-of-Distribution (OoD) detection, such that the segmentation of unknown regions of scenes can be rejected. This is made possible by leveraging an OoD…

Avoiding out-of-distribution (OOD) data is critical for training supervised machine learning models in the medical imaging domain. Furthermore, obtaining labeled medical data is difficult and expensive since it requires expert annotators…

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial to safety-critical machine learning applications and has been extensively studied. While recent studies have predominantly focused on classifier-based methods, research on deep generative model…

State-of-the-art deep neural networks (DNNs) are highly effective in solving many complex real-world problems. However, these models are vulnerable to adversarial perturbation attacks, and despite the plethora of research in this domain, to…

Deep neural networks have become a staple in solving intricate problems, proving their mettle in a wide array of applications. However, their training process is often hampered by shifting activation distributions during backpropagation,…

Deep neural networks are being applied in many tasks with encouraging results, and have often reached human-level performance. However, deep neural networks are vulnerable to well-designed input samples called adversarial examples. In…

The detection and classification of anomalies in gravitational wave data plays a critical role in improving the sensitivity of searches for signals of astrophysical origins. We present ABNORMAL (AI Based Nonstationarity Observer for…

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs is pivotal for deploying safe vision systems in open-world environments. We revisit diffusion models, not as generators, but as universal perceptual templates for OOD detection. This research…

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs is critical for safely deploying deep learning models in an open-world setting. However, existing OOD detection solutions can be brittle in the open world, facing various types of adversarial OOD…

Many neural network-based out-of-distribution (OoD) detection methods have been proposed. However, they require many training data for each target task. We propose a simple yet effective meta-learning method to detect OoD with small…

Traditional reconstruction-based methods have struggled to achieve competitive performance in anomaly detection. In this paper, we introduce Denoising Diffusion Anomaly Detection (DDAD), a novel denoising process for image reconstruction…

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to discern outliers from the intended data distribution, which is crucial to maintaining high reliability and a good user experience. Most recent studies in OOD detection utilize the information from…

Extensive studies have demonstrated that deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Despite the significant progress in the attack success rate that has been made recently, the adversarial noise generated by most of…