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In this paper, we argue that the unsatisfactory out-of-distribution (OOD) detection performance of neural networks is mainly due to the SoftMax loss anisotropy and propensity to produce low entropy probability distributions in disagreement…

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection approaches usually present special requirements (e.g., hyperparameter validation, collection of outlier data) and produce side effects (e.g., classification accuracy drop, slower energy-inefficient…

Building robust deterministic neural networks remains a challenge. On the one hand, some approaches improve out-of-distribution detection at the cost of reducing classification accuracy in some situations. On the other hand, some methods…

As deep learning methods form a critical part in commercially important applications such as autonomous driving and medical diagnostics, it is important to reliably detect out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs while employing these algorithms.…

Current deep learning solutions are well known for not informing whether they can reliably classify an example during inference. One of the most effective ways to build more reliable deep learning solutions is to improve their performance…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) for the semantic segmentation of images are usually trained to operate on a predefined closed set of object classes. This is in contrast to the "open world" setting where DNNs are envisioned to be deployed to.…

Deep neural networks often suffer from overconfidence which can be partly remedied by improved out-of-distribution detection. For this purpose, we propose a novel approach that allows for the generation of out-of-distribution datasets based…

The ability to detect out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is vital to secure the reliability of deep neural networks in real-world applications. Considering the nature of OOD samples, detection methods should not have hyperparameters that…

When deploying a trained machine learning model in the real world, it is inevitable to receive inputs from out-of-distribution (OOD) sources. For instance, in continual learning settings, it is common to encounter OOD samples due to the…

In this paper, we present a novel approach that combines deep metric learning and synthetic data generation using diffusion models for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection. One popular approach for OOD detection is outlier exposure, where…

Current machine learning models achieve super-human performance in many real-world applications. Still, they are susceptible against imperceptible adversarial perturbations. The most effective solution for this problem is adversarial…

Deep neural network, despite its remarkable capability of discriminating targeted in-distribution samples, shows poor performance on detecting anomalous out-of-distribution data. To address this defect, state-of-the-art solutions choose to…

We present a new loss function that addresses the out-of-distribution (OOD) calibration problem. While many objective functions have been proposed to effectively calibrate models in-distribution, our findings show that they do not always…

Deep Learning (DL) models tend to perform poorly when the data comes from a distribution different from the training one. In critical applications such as medical imaging, out-of-distribution (OOD) detection helps to identify such data…

We consider the problem of detecting out-of-distribution images in neural networks. We propose ODIN, a simple and effective method that does not require any change to a pre-trained neural network. Our method is based on the observation that…

The ability to detect out-of-distribution data is essential not only for ensuring robustness against unknown or unexpected input data but also for improving the generalization performance of the model. Among various out-of-distribution…

This paper investigates the deep learning optimization problem with softmax cross-entropy loss. We propose a layer separation strategy to alleviate the strong nonconvexity encountered during training deep networks. For cross-entropy models…

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) data is a task that is receiving an increasing amount of research attention in the domain of deep learning for computer vision. However, the performance of detection methods is generally evaluated on the…

Out-of-distribution detection (OOD) deals with anomalous input to neural networks. In the past, specialized methods have been proposed to reject predictions on anomalous input. Similarly, it was shown that feature extraction models in…

The problem of detecting whether a test sample is from in-distribution (i.e., training distribution by a classifier) or out-of-distribution sufficiently different from it arises in many real-world machine learning applications. However, the…