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Recently, new artificial material has been proposed to control an electromagnetic wave-metasurface, a two-dimensional metamaterial. Compared with a three-dimensional bulky metamaterial, this artificial plane material with sub-wavelength…

Optics · Physics 2019-07-12 Chong Sheng , Hui Liu , Shining Zhu

Space-time varying media enable unprecedented control over electromagnetic waves, yet most existing studies assume idealized, nondispersive materials and thus fail to capture the intrinsic frequency dispersion of realistic platforms. Here,…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-16 Klaas De Kinder , Christophe Caloz

Photonic time interfaces, as the temporal analogue of spatial interfaces between two media, consist of a rapid change of the electromagnetic properties of a material (such as permittivity {\epsilon}, and permeability {\mu}) while the wave…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-22 Victor Pacheco-Peña , Nader Engheta

Space-time modulation of electromagnetic parameters offers novel exciting possibilities for advanced field manipulations. In this study, we explore wave scattering from a time-varying interface characterized by a Lorentz-type dispersion…

Dynamic modulation of material properties in space and time enables powerful control over wave propagation, yet existing theories largely rely on idealized, nondispersive models. In realistic media, frequency dispersion can strongly reshape…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-02 Klaas De Kinder , Christophe Caloz

Wave phenomena can be artificially engineered by scattering from metasurfaces, which aids in the design of radio-frequency and optical devices for wireless communication, sensing, imaging, wireless power transfer and bio/medical…

Space-time metamaterials are redefining wave engineering by enabling fully dynamic four-dimensional control of electromagnetic fields, allowing simultaneous manipulation of frequency, amplitude, momentum, and propagation direction. This…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-26 Sajjad Taravati

Spatial inhomogeneity, temporal modulation, and engineered anisotropy of parameters of electromagnetic media offer numerous opportunities for manipulating light-matter interaction over the past decades. Here, we investigate a scenario in…

The control of reflection and refraction at interfaces using engineered media is central to numerous optical technologies, with negative refraction and the suppression of backscattering representing two prominent research frontiers. In this…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-10 Yongge Wang , Jingfeng Yao , Chengxun Yuan , Zhongxiang Zhou

We demonstrate that reflectionless propagation of electromagnetic waves between two different materials can be achieved by designing an intermediate temporal medium, which can work in an ultra-wide frequency band. Such a temporal medium is…

Optics · Physics 2022-08-17 Yi Zhang , Liang Peng , Zhengjie Huang , Lixin Ran , Dexin Ye

The introduction of time as an additional degree of freedom to control wave-matter interactions have opened new avenues to fully control wave propagation in four dimensions (x,y,z,t). Time interfaces (rapid changes of the constitutive…

Optics · Physics 2024-12-03 Mariya Antyufeyeva , Victor Pacheco-Peña

Spatiotemporally modulated elastic metamaterials have garnered increasing interest for their potential applications in nonreciprocal wave devices. Most existing studies, however, focus on systems where spatiotemporal modulation is…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Yingrui Ye , Chunxia Liu , Alessandro Marzani , Emanuele Riva , Antonio Palermo , Xiaopeng Wang

We experimentally implement a virtual geometric periodicity in an elastic metamaterial. First, unwanted boundary reflections at the domain ends are cancelled through the iterative injection of the polarity reversed, reflected wavefield. The…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Henrik R. Thomsen , Bao Zhao , Andrea Colombi

Nonlocal metamaterials (MTMs) have recently attracted significant attention across different areas of wave physics, owing to their ability to translate long-range interactions among meta-atoms into a wide array of wavevector-dependent…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-21 Matteo Ciabattoni , Francesco Monticone

An incident wave at a temporal interface, created by an abrupt change in system parameters, generates time-refracted and time-reflected waves. We find topological characteristics associated with the temporal interface that separates…

Optics · Physics 2025-04-25 Huisheng Xu , Zhaohui Dong , Luqi Yuan , Liang Jin

The effective medium representation is fundamental in providing a performance-to-design approach for many devices based on metamaterials. While there are recent works in extending the effective medium concept into the temporal domain, a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-08-25 Xinhua Wen , Xinghong Zhu , Hong Wei Wu , Jensen Li

Time-varying guiding structures introduce an additional degree of freedom, besides spatial-variation, that enables better control over the guided wave in a device. Periodically time-modulated structures which are usually considered enable…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-04-22 Yakir Hadad , Amir Shlivinski

Modulation of metasurfaces in time gives rise to several exotic space-time scattering phenomena by violating the reciprocity and generation of higher-order frequency harmonics. We introduce a new design paradigm for time-modulated…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-12-31 Mohammad Mahdi Salary , Samad Jafar-Zanjani , Hossein Mosallaei

In recent years a significant progress has been made in the development of magnet-less nonreciprocity using space-time modulation, both in electromagnetics and acoustics. This approach has so far resulted in a plethora of non-reciprocal…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-06-18 Yakir Hadad , Dimitrios Sounas

With the advent of new fabrication technologies, time-varying metasurfaces have emerged as novel platforms for exotic waveform shaping in microwaves and optics, providing an additional degree of freedom to design dynamically controllable…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-18 Suat Barış İplikçioğlu , M. I. Aksun