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Gleason-type theorems for quantum theory allow one to recover the quantum state space by assuming that (i) states consistently assign probabilities to measurement outcomes and that (ii) there is a unique state for every such assignment. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-01 Victoria J Wright , Stefan Weigert

In this chapter a general mathematical framework for probabilistic theories of operationally understood circuits is laid out. Circuits are comprised of operations and wires. An operation is one use of an apparatus and a wire is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-04 Lucien Hardy

We develop a generalised gauge theory in which the role of gauge group is played by a coalgebra and the role of principal bundle by an algebra. The theory provides a unifying point of view which includes quantum group gauge theory,…

q-alg · Mathematics 2009-10-30 T. Brzezinski , S. Majid

Category theory provides an alternative to Hilbert's Formal Axiomatic method and goes beyond Mathematical Structuralism

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Andrei Rodin

We study the (generalized) transition probability spaces, in the sense of Mielnik and Cantoni, for spacetime quantum states in loop quantum gravity. First, we show that loop quantum gravity admits the structures of transition probability…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-03-15 Xiao-Kan Guo

In this work, we develop a novel mathematical framework for universal digital quantum computation using algebraic probability theory. We rigorously define quantum circuits as finite sequences of elementary quantum gates and establish their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Antonio Falcó , Daniela Falcó--Pomares , Hermann G. Matthies

We develop the theory of a category ${\mathscr C}_A$ which is a generalisation to non-restricted ${\mathfrak g}$-modules of a category famously studied by Andersen, Jantzen and Soergel for restricted ${\mathfrak g}$-modules, where…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-20 Matthew Westaway

The notion of context (complex of physical conditions) is basic in this paper. We show that the main structures of quantum theory (interference of probabilities, Born's rule, complex probabilistic amplitudes, Hilbert state space,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Andrei Khrennikov

This paper presents a Probabilistic State Algebra as an extension of deterministic propositional logic, providing a computational framework for constructing Markov Random Fields (MRFs) through pure linear algebra. By mapping logical states…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Dmitry Lesnik , Tobias Schäfer

In this paper the generalized quantum states, i.e. positive and normalized linear functionals on $C^{*}$-algebras, are studied. Firstly, we study normal states, i.e. states which are represented by density operators, and singular states,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-12-15 Amir R. Arab

We study and relate categories of modules, comodules and contramodules over a representation of a small category taking values in (co)algebras, in a manner similar to modules over a ringed space. As a result, we obtain a categorical…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-02-15 Mamta Balodi , Abhishek Banerjee , Samarpita Ray

De Finetti theorems tell us that if we expect the likelihood of outcomes to be independent of their order, then these sequences of outcomes could be equivalently generated by drawing an experiment at random from a distribution, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-16 Sam Staton , Ned Summers

Let $G$ be a finite group. There is a standard theorem on the classification of $G$-equivariant finite dimensional simple commutative, associative, and Lie algebras (i.e., simple algebras of these types in the category of representations of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2015-12-25 Pavel Etingof

In this work, we use tools from non-standard analysis to introduce infinite-dimensional quantum systems and quantum fields within the framework of Categorical Quantum Mechanics. We define a dagger compact category *Hilb suitable for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-05 Stefano Gogioso , Fabrizio Genovese

A probability space is a pair ($\mathcal{A},\phi $) where $\mathcal{A}$ is an algebra and $\phi $ a state on the algebra. In classical probability $\mathcal{A}$ is the algebra of linear combinations of indicator functions on the sample…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-12-12 R. Vilela Mendes

An understanding of quantum theory in terms of new, underlying descriptions capable of explaining the existence of non-classical correlations, non-commutativity of measurements and other unique and counter-intuitive phenomena remains still…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-12 Yasmin Navarrete , Sergio Davis

A scheme for constructing quantum mechanics is given that does not have Hilbert space and linear operators as its basic elements. Instead, a version of algebraic approach is considered. Elements of a noncommutative algebra (observables) and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 D. A. Slavnov

This paper offers a brief introduction to the framework of "general probabilistic theories", otherwise known as the "convex-operational" approach the foundations of quantum mechanics. Broadly speaking, the goal of research in this vein is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-23 Howard Barnum , Alexander Wilce

We introduce an approach to the categorification of rings, via the notion of distributive categories with negative objects, and use it to lay down categorical foundations for the study of super, quantum and non-commutative combinatorics.…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2009-05-27 Rafael Diaz , Eddy Pariguan

Qubits are a great way to build a quantum computer, but a limited way to program one. We replace the usual "states and gates" formalism with a "props and ops" (propositions and operators) model in which (a) the C*-algebra of observables…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 David Wakeham