Related papers: Play. Pause. Rewind. Measuring local entropy produ…
We study the entropy production of a system with a finite number of states connected by random transition rates. The stationary entropy production, driven out of equilibrium both by asymmetric transition rates and by an external probability…
We derive a functional for the entropy contributed by any microscopic degrees of freedom as arising from their measurable pair correlations. Applicable both in and out of equilibrium, this functional yields the maximum entropy which a…
The entropy production rate is central to the study of non-equilibrium systems. This parameter is closely connected to violation of time-reversal symmetry, energy consumption, efficiency, and other properties of interest; in short, it…
Time-lapse microscopy imaging provides direct access to the dynamics of soft and living systems. At mesoscopic scales, such microscopy experiments reveal intrinsic fluctuations, which may have both thermal and non-equilibrium origins. These…
We study the entropy production rate in systems described by linear Langevin equations, containing mixed even and odd variables under time reversal. Exact formulas are derived for several important quantities in terms only of the means and…
In nature stationary nonequilibrium systems cannot exist on their own, rather they need to be driven from outside in order to keep them away from equilibrium. While the internal mean entropy of such stationary systems is constant, the…
The second law of thermodynamics governs that nonequilibrium systems evolve towards states of higher entropy over time. However, it does not specify the rate of this evolution and the role of fluctuations that impact the system's dynamics.…
We discuss fundamental features of the local expression for the entropy production rate of the nonequilibrium quantum dynamics of open systems and its relations to memory effects and the spectrum of the generator of the dynamics. Defining…
The tendency of irreversible processes to generate entropy is the ultimate driving force for the evolution of nature. In engineering, entropy production is often used as a measure of usable energy losses. In this study we show that the…
We formulate a minimal model of a quantum particle detector as an autonomous quantum thermal machine. Our goal is to establish how entropy production, which is needed to maintain the detector out of equilibrium, is linked to the quality of…
Fluctuations in parameters that are typically treated as fixed play a crucial role in the behavior of complex systems. However, to date, we lack a general non-equilibrium thermodynamic treatment of such a complex system. In this Letter, to…
The total entropy production fluctuations are studied in some exactly solvable models. For these systems, the detailed fluctuation theorem holds even in the transient state, provided initially the system is prepared in thermal equilibrium.…
It is known that the equilibrium properties of open classical systems that are strongly coupled to a heat bath are described by a set of thermodynamic potentials related to the system's Hamiltonian of mean force. By adapting this framework…
We show for a large class of interacting particle systems that whenever the stationary measure is not reversible for the dynamics, then the mean entropy production in the steady state is strictly positive. This extends to the thermodynamic…
The entropy production rate is a central quantity in non-equilibrium statistical physics, scoring how far a stochastic process is from being time-reversible. In this paper, we compute the entropy production of diffusion processes at…
The entropy production rate is a key quantity in irreversible thermodynamics. In this work, we concentrate on the realization of entropy production rate in chemical reaction systems in terms of the experimentally measurable reaction rate.…
Partially observed stochastic systems can appear (almost) time-reversal symmetric while in fact operating far from equilibrium. The present work extends the perturbative framework introduced in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 198302 (2026)] to…
We establish that the nonequilibrium dynamics of most pure states gives rise to the same entropy production as that of the corresponding ensemble, provided the effective dimension of the ensemble is large enough. This establishes the…
The total entropy production and its three constituent components are described both as fluctuating trajectory-dependent quantities and as averaged contributions in the context of the continuous Markovian dynamics, described by stochastic…
Living and non-living active matter consumes energy at the microscopic scale to drive emergent, macroscopic behavior including traveling waves and coherent oscillations. Recent work has characterized non-equilibrium systems by their total…