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This position paper proposes a novel approach to advancing NLP security by leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) as engines for generating diverse adversarial attacks. Building upon recent work demonstrating LLMs' effectiveness in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Sudarshan Srinivasan , Maria Mahbub , Amir Sadovnik

Linear structural equation models represent direct causal effects as directed edges and confounding factors as bidirected edges. An open problem is to identify the causal parameters from correlations between the nodes. We investigate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Benito van der Zander , Marcel Wienöbst , Markus Bläser , Maciej Liśkiewicz

Causality can be described in terms of a structural causal model (SCM) that carries information on the variables of interest and their mechanistic relations. For most processes of interest the underlying SCM will only be partially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Matej Zečević , Devendra Singh Dhami , Petar Veličković , Kristian Kersting

Machine learning researchers have long noticed the phenomenon that the model training process will be more effective and efficient when the training samples are densely sampled around the underlying decision boundary. While this observation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Honggang Yu , Shihfeng Zeng , Teng Zhang , Ing-Chao Lin , Yier Jin

We show that it is possible to understand and identify a decision maker's subjective causal judgements by observing her preferences over interventions. Following Pearl [2000], we represent causality using causal models (also called…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-01-23 Joseph Y. Halpern , Evan Piermont

Machine learning (ML) models are often sensitive to carefully crafted yet seemingly unnoticeable perturbations. Such adversarial examples are considered to be a property of ML models, often associated with their black-box operation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Elad Sofer , Tomer Shaked , Caroline Chaux , Nir Shlezinger

Adversarial attack research in natural language processing (NLP) has made significant progress in designing powerful attack methods and defence approaches. However, few efforts have sought to identify which source samples are the most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Vyas Raina , Mark Gales

A new causal discovery method, Structural Agnostic Modeling (SAM), is presented in this paper. Leveraging both conditional independencies and distributional asymmetries, SAM aims to find the underlying causal structure from observational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-26 Diviyan Kalainathan , Olivier Goudet , Isabelle Guyon , David Lopez-Paz , Michèle Sebag

As neural networks become the tool of choice to solve an increasing variety of problems in our society, adversarial attacks become critical. The possibility of generating data instances deliberately designed to fool a network's analysis can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Gabriel D. Cantareira , Rodrigo F. Mello , Fernando V. Paulovich

Motivated by safety-critical classification problems, we investigate adversarial attacks against cost-sensitive classifiers. We use current state-of-the-art adversarially-resistant neural network classifiers [1] as the underlying models.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-08 Gavin S. Hartnett , Andrew J. Lohn , Alexander P. Sedlack

Deep neural network image classifiers are reported to be susceptible to adversarial evasion attacks, which use carefully crafted images created to mislead a classifier. Recently, various kinds of adversarial attack methods have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-04 He Zhao , Trung Le , Paul Montague , Olivier De Vel , Tamas Abraham , Dinh Phung

In this paper, we empirically analyze adversarial attacks on selected federated learning models. The specific learning models considered are Multinominal Logistic Regression (MLR), Support Vector Classifier (SVC), Multilayer Perceptron…

Instruction tuning on a mixture of tasks has improved zero-shot capabilities in natural language processing (NLP). Nevertheless, existing methods often learn features that exhibit correlations between instruction-formatted samples and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Lu Chen , Wei Huang , Ruqing Zhang , Wei Chen , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

Although deep learning models have been successfully applied to a variety of tasks, due to the millions of parameters, they are becoming increasingly opaque and complex. In order to establish trust for their widespread commercial use, it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Tanmayee Narendra , Anush Sankaran , Deepak Vijaykeerthy , Senthil Mani

Despite the tremendous success of deep neural networks in various learning problems, it has been observed that adding an intentionally designed adversarial perturbation to inputs of these architectures leads to erroneous classification with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-19 Emilio Rafael Balda , Arash Behboodi , Rudolf Mathar

In this paper, we experimentally analyze the robustness of selected Federated Learning (FL) systems in the presence of adversarial clients. We find that temporal attacks significantly affect model performance in the FL models tested,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Rohit Mapakshi , Sayma Akther , Mark Stamp

There has been a recent push in making machine learning models more interpretable so that their performance can be trusted. Although successful, these methods have mostly focused on the deep learning methods while the fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 David Steinmann , Matej Zečević , Devendra Singh Dhami , Kristian Kersting

Machine learning models are vulnerable to tiny adversarial input perturbations optimized to cause a very large output error. To measure this vulnerability, we need reliable methods that can find such adversarial perturbations. For image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Levente Halmosi , Bálint Mohos , Márk Jelasity

Recent years have seen the wide application of NLP models in crucial areas such as finance, medical treatment, and news media, raising concerns of the model robustness and vulnerabilities. In this paper, we propose a novel prompt-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Yuting Yang , Pei Huang , Juan Cao , Jintao Li , Yun Lin , Jin Song Dong , Feifei Ma , Jian Zhang

Despite the wide empirical success of modern machine learning algorithms and models in a multitude of applications, they are known to be highly susceptible to seemingly small indiscernible perturbations to the input data known as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-05 Adel Javanmard , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi