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The radiatively-induced mass splitting between components of an electroweak multiplet is typically of order 100 MeV. This is sufficient to endow the charged components with macroscopically-observable lifetimes, and ensure an…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-11-13 James McKay , Pat Scott , Peter Athron

The lifetimed of the Bbar0 and B- meson lifetimes are measured using data recorded on the Z peak with the ALEPH detector at LEP. An improved analysis based on partially reconstructed Bbar0 -> D*+l-nubar and B- -> D0l-nubar decays is…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-06-25 K. Huttmann

We experimentally investigate the relative advantages of implementing weak-value-based metrology versus standard methods. While the techniques outlined herein apply more generally, we measure small optical beam deflections both using a…

We calculate radiative lifetimes of collective electronic excitations of atoms in an infinite one dimensional lattice. The translational symmetry along the lattice restricts the photon wave vector component parallel to the lattice to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-20 Hashem Zoubi , Helmut Ritsch

Weak value amplification (WVA) is a concept that has been extensively used in a myriad of applications with the aim of rendering measurable tiny changes of a variable of interest. In spite of this, there is still an on-going debate about…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-14 Juan P. Torres , Luis Jose Salazar-Serrano

Weak value amplification (WVA) is a technique in which one can magnify the apparent strength of a measurement signal. Some have claimed that WVA can outperform more conventional measurement schemes in parameter estimation. Nonetheless, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-22 Jérémie Harris , Robert W. Boyd , Jeff S. Lundeen

Recent BaBar measurements on lifetime and mixing of B mesons are reported. Various techniques are used, ranging from the full reconstruction of hadronic B decays, to partial reconstruction techniques, and to a totally inclusive approach…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2016-11-23 C. Bozzi

Data collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC are used to study the lifetime of the B0 and B+ mesons. The data sample consists of 7.4 fb-1 collected near the Y(4S) resonance. B0 and B+ mesons are fully…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2009-10-31 Chih-hsiang Cheng

In conventional measurement, to reach the greatest accuracy of parameter estimation, all samples must be measured since each independent sample contains the same quantum Fisher information. In postselected metrology, postselection can…

The physical meaning of weak values and measurements can be completely understood with Born rule and the general probability theory. It is known that the weak value of an observable $\hat A$ with post-selection $\langle F|$ may be out of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-02 Riuji Mochizuki

This document presents the measurement of $B^0$ meson lifetimes using the 2019 Belle II dataset that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $8.7 \pm 0.2$ fb$^{-1}$. Each candidate is fully reconstructed with hadronic decay final states…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2020-05-22 Belle II Collaboration , F. Abudinén , I. Adachi , R. Adak , K. Adamczyk , P. Ahlburg , J. K. Ahn , H. Aihara , N. Akopov , A. Aloisio , F. Ameli , L. Andricek , N. Anh Ky , D. M. Asner , H. Atmacan , V. Aulchenko , T. Aushev , V. Aushev , T. Aziz , V. Babu , S. Bacher , S. Baehr , S. Bahinipati , A. M. Bakich , P. Bambade , Sw. Banerjee , S. Bansal , M. Barrett , W. Bartel , G. Batignani , J. Baudot , A. Beaulieu , J. Becker , P. K. Behera , M. Bender , J. V. Bennett , E. Bernieri , F. U. Bernlochner , M. Bertemes , M. Bessner , S. Bettarini , V. Bhardwaj , B. Bhuyan , F. Bianchi , T. Bilka , S. Bilokin , D. Biswas , A. Bobrov , A. Bondar , G. Bonvicini , A. Bozek , M. Bračko , P. Branchini , N. Braun , R. A. Briere , T. E. Browder , D. N. Brown , A. Budano , L. Burmistrov , S. Bussino , M. Campajola , L. Cao , G. Caria , G. Casarosa , C. Cecchi , D. Červenkov , M. -C. Chang , P. Chang , R. Cheaib , V. Chekelian , Y. Q. Chen , Y. -T. Chen , B. G. Cheon , K. Chilikin , H. -E. Cho , K. Cho , S. -J. Cho , S. -K. Choi , S. Choudhury , D. Cinabro , L. Corona , L. M. Cremaldi , D. Cuesta , S. Cunliffe , T. Czank , N. Dash , F. Dattola , E. De La Cruz-Burelo , G. De Nardo , M. De Nuccio , G. De Pietro , R. de Sangro , B. Deschamps , M. Destefanis , S. Dey , A. De Yta-Hernandez , F. Di Capua , S. Di Carlo , J. Dingfelder , Z. Doležal , I. Domínguez Jiménez , T. V. Dong , K. Dort , D. Dossett , S. Dubey , S. Duell , G. Dujany , S. Eidelman , M. Eliachevitch , D. Epifanov , J. E. Fast , T. Ferber , D. Ferlewicz , G. Finocchiaro , S. Fiore , P. Fischer , A. Fodor , F. Forti , A. Frey , M. Friedl , B. G. Fulsom , M. Gabriel , N. Gabyshev , E. Ganiev , M. Garcia-Hernandez , R. Garg , A. Garmash , V. Gaur , A. Gaz , U. Gebauer , M. Gelb , A. Gellrich , J. Gemmler , T. Geßler , D. Getzkow , R. Giordano , A. Giri , A. Glazov , B. Gobbo , R. Godang , P. Goldenzweig , B. Golob , P. Gomis , P. Grace , W. Gradl , E. Graziani , D. Greenwald , Y. Guan , C. Hadjivasiliou , S. Halder , K. Hara , T. Hara , O. Hartbrich , T. Hauth , K. Hayasaka , H. Hayashii , C. Hearty , M. Heck , M. T. Hedges , I. Heredia de la Cruz , M. Hernández Villanueva , A. Hershenhorn , T. Higuchi , E. C. Hill , H. Hirata , S. Hirose , M. Hoek , M. Hohmann , S. Hollitt , T. Hotta , C. -L. Hsu , Y. Hu , K. Huang , T. Iijima , K. Inami , G. Inguglia , J. Irakkathil Jabbar , A. Ishikawa , R. Itoh , M. Iwasaki , Y. Iwasaki , S. Iwata , P. Jackson , W. W. Jacobs , I. Jaegle , D. E. Jaffe , E. -J. Jang , M. Jeandron , H. B. Jeon , S. Jia , Y. Jin , C. Joo , K. K. Joo , I. Kadenko , J. Kahn , H. Kakuno , A. B. Kaliyar , J. Kandra , K. H. Kang , P. Kapusta , G. Karyan , Y. Kato , H. Kawai , T. Kawasaki , T. Keck , C. Ketter , H. Kichimi , C. Kiesling , B. H. Kim , C. -H. Kim , D. Y. Kim , H. J. Kim , J. B. Kim , K. -H. Kim , K. Kim , S. -H. Kim , Y. -K. Kim , Y. Kim , T. D. Kimmel , H. Kindo , K. Kinoshita , B. Kirby , C. Kleinwort , B. Knysh , P. Kodyš , T. Koga , S. Kohani , S. Koirala , I. Komarov , T. Konno , S. Korpar , E. Kou , N. Kovalchuk , T. M. G. Kraetzschmar , P. Križan , R. Kroeger , J. F. Krohn , P. Krokovny , H. Krüger , W. Kuehn , T. Kuhr , J. Kumar , M. Kumar , R. Kumar , K. Kumara , T. Kumita , T. Kunigo , M. Künzel , S. Kurz , A. Kuzmin , P. Kvasnička , Y. -J. Kwon , S. Lacaprara , Y. -T. Lai , C. La Licata , K. Lalwani , L. Lanceri , J. S. Lange , K. Lautenbach , P. J. Laycock , F. R. Le Diberder , I. -S. Lee , S. C. Lee , P. Leitl , D. Levit , P. M. Lewis , C. Li , L. K. Li , S. X. Li , Y. M. Li , Y. B. Li , J. Libby , K. Lieret , L. Li Gioi , J. Lin , Z. Liptak , Q. Y. Liu , Z. A. Liu , D. Liventsev , S. Longo , A. Loos , P. Lu , M. Lubej , T. Lueck , F. Luetticke , T. Luo , C. MacQueen , Y. Maeda , M. Maggiora , S. Maity , R. Manfredi , E. Manoni , S. Marcello , C. Marinas , A. Martini , M. Masuda , T. Matsuda , K. Matsuoka , D. Matvienko , J. McNeil , F. Meggendorfer , J. C. Mei , F. Meier , M. Merola , F. Metzner , M. Milesi , C. Miller , K. Miyabayashi , H. Miyake , H. Miyata , R. Mizuk , K. Azmi , G. B. Mohanty , H. Moon , T. Moon , J. A. Mora Grimaldo , A. Morda , T. Morii , H. -G. Moser , M. Mrvar , F. Mueller , F. J. Müller , Th. Muller , G. Muroyama , R. Mussa , K. Nakagiri , I. Nakamura , K. R. Nakamura , E. Nakano , M. Nakao , H. Nakayama , H. Nakazawa , T. Nanut , Z. Natkaniec , M. Nayak , G. Nazaryan , D. Neverov , C. Niebuhr , M. Niiyama , J. Ninkovic , N. K. Nisar , S. Nishida , K. Nishimura , M. Nishimura , M. H. A. Nouxman , B. Oberhof , K. Ogawa , S. Ogawa , S. L. Olsen , Y. Onishchuk , H. Ono , Y. Onuki , P. Oskin , E. R. Oxford , H. Ozaki , P. Pakhlov , G. Pakhlova , A. Paladino , T. Pang , A. Panta , E. Paoloni , C. Park , H. Park , S. -H. Park , B. Paschen , A. Passeri , A. Pathak , S. Patra , S. Paul , T. K. Pedlar , I. Peruzzi , R. Peschke , R. Pestotnik , M. Piccolo , L. E. Piilonen , P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma , V. Popov , C. Praz , E. Prencipe , M. T. Prim , M. V. Purohit , P. Rados , R. Rasheed , M. Reif , S. Reiter , M. Remnev , P. K. Resmi , I. Ripp-Baudot , M. Ritter , M. Ritzert , G. Rizzo , L. B. Rizzuto , S. H. Robertson , D. Rodríguez Pérez , J. M. Roney , C. Rosenfeld , A. Rostomyan , N. Rout , M. Rozanska , S. Rummel , G. Russo , D. Sahoo , Y. Sakai , D. A. Sanders , S. Sandilya , A. Sangal , L. Santelj , P. Sartori , J. Sasaki , Y. Sato , V. Savinov , B. Scavino , M. Schram , H. Schreeck , J. Schueler , C. Schwanda , A. J. Schwartz , B. Schwenker , R. M. Seddon , Y. Seino , A. Selce , K. Senyo , I. S. Seong , M. E. Sevior , C. Sfienti , V. Shebalin , C. P. Shen , H. Shibuya , J. -G. Shiu , B. Shwartz , A. Sibidanov , F. Simon , J. B. Singh , S. Skambraks , K. Smith , R. J. Sobie , A. Soffer , A. Sokolov , Y. Soloviev , E. Solovieva , S. Spataro , B. Spruck , M. Starič , S. Stefkova , Z. S. Stottler , R. Stroili , J. Strube , J. Stypula , M. Sumihama , K. Sumisawa , T. Sumiyoshi , D. J. Summers , W. Sutcliffe , K. Suzuki , S. Y. Suzuki , M. Tabata , M. Takahashi , M. Takizawa , U. Tamponi , S. Tanaka , K. Tanida , H. Tanigawa , N. Taniguchi , Y. Tao , P. Taras , F. Tenchini , D. Tonelli , E. Torassa , K. Trabelsi , T. Tsuboyama , N. Tsuzuki , M. Uchida , I. Ueda , S. Uehara , T. Ueno , T. Uglov , K. Unger , Y. Unno , S. Uno , P. Urquijo , Y. Ushiroda , Y. Usov , S. E. Vahsen , R. van Tonder , G. S. Varner , K. E. Varvell , A. Vinokurova , L. Vitale , V. Vorobyev , A. Vossen , E. Waheed , H. M. Wakeling , K. Wan , W. Wan Abdullah , B. Wang , C. H. Wang , M. -Z. Wang , X. L. Wang , A. Warburton , M. Watanabe , S. Watanuki , I. Watson , J. Webb , S. Wehle , M. Welsch , C. Wessel , J. Wiechczynski , P. Wieduwilt , H. Windel , E. Won , L. J. Wu , X. P. Xu , B. Yabsley , S. Yamada , W. Yan , S. B. Yang , H. Ye , J. Yelton , I. Yeo , J. H. Yin , M. Yonenaga , Y. M. Yook , T. Yoshinobu , C. Z. Yuan , G. Yuan , W. Yuan , Y. Yusa , L. Zani , J. Z. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Z. Zhang , V. Zhilich , Q. D. Zhou , X. Y. Zhou , V. I. Zhukova , V. Zhulanov , A. Zupanc

Nonlinear amplification is a powerful technique for generating ultrashort laser pulses with high peak power in fiber systems. However, the diversity of nonlinear amplification approaches and their inherent complexities present significant…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-29 Wenchao Wang , Yi-Hao Chen , Frank Wise

We study the phenomenon of bias amplification in classifiers, wherein a machine learning model learns to predict classes with a greater disparity than the underlying ground truth. We demonstrate that bias amplification can arise via an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Klas Leino , Emily Black , Matt Fredrikson , Shayak Sen , Anupam Datta

The weak value exhibits numerous intriguing characteristics, such as values outside the operator spectrum, leading to unexpected phenomena. Nevertheless, the measurement protocol used for measuring the weak value has been the subject of an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-17 Zohar Schwartzman-Nowik , Dorit Aharonov , Eliahu Cohen

We analyze the average of weak values over statistical ensembles of pre- and post-selected states. The protocol of weak values, proposed by Aharonov et al., is the result of a weak measurement conditional on the outcome of a subsequent…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-01-18 Alessandro Romito , Yuval Gefen

Nearly thirty years ago the possibility of anomalous weak amplfication (AWA) was revealed by Aharonov, Albert and Vaidman [1]. Recently two papers presents two AWA schemes which are beyond the traditional proposal given by them [14, 15]. At…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-13 Tao Wang , Rui Zhang , Gang Li , Xue-Mei Su

A weak measurement on a system is made by coupling a pointer weakly to the system and then measuring the position of the pointer. If the initial wavefunction for the pointer is real, the mean displacement of the pointer is proportional to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Graeme Mitchison

X-ray absorption spectra calculated within an effective one-electron approach have to be broadened to account for the finite lifetime of the core hole. For Green's function based methods this can be achieved either by adding a small…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-02-28 Ondrej Sipr , Jiri Vackar , Jan Minar

Weak measurement (WM) with state pre- and post-selection can amplify otherwise undetectable small signals and thus promise great potentials in precision measurements. Although frequency measurements offer the hitherto highest precision…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-12-10 Weizhi Qu , Jian Sun , Shenchao Jin , Liang Jiang , Jianming Wen , Yanhong Xiao

Quantum measurement is one of the most fascinating and discussed phenomena in quantum physics, due to the impact on the system of the measurement action and the resulting interpretation issues. Scholars proposed weak measurements to amplify…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-23 Lorena Ballesteros Ferraz , Riccardo Muolo , Yves Caudano , Timoteo Carletti