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Chirality is a structural property of molecules lacking mirror symmetry that has strong implications in diverse fields, ranging from life to materials sciences. Established spectroscopic methods that are sensitive to chirality, such as…
Chromatic aberration in optical systems arises from the wavelength dependence of a glass's refractive index. Polychromatic rays incident upon an optical surface are refracted at slightly different angles and in traversing an optical system…
Current measurements of the weak lensing signal induced by large scale structure provide useful constraints on a range of cosmological parameters. However, the ultimate succes of this technique depends on the accuracy with which one can…
Quantitative characterization of the spatial structure of single photons is essential for free-space quantum communication and quantum imaging. We introduce an interferometric technique that enables the complete characterization of a…
Modern imaging techniques at the molecular scale rely on utilizing novel coherent light sources like X-ray free electron lasers for the ultimate goal of visualizing such objects as individual biomolecules rather than crystals. Here, unlike…
Digital holography is an interference-based imaging technique capable of recording both the amplitude and phase of an electromagnetic field. It can be obtained at the laser illumination wavelength, but also with second-harmonic generation,…
Traditional optical imaging systems can provide high-quality imaging with complicated and expensive optical design by eliminating aberrations. With the help of optical memory effect (ME), not independently improving single imaging…
The size of dust grains, $a$, is key to the physical and chemical processes in circumstellar disks, but observational constraints of grain size remain challenging. (Sub)millimeter continuum observations often show a percent-level…
The direct detection and characterization of exoplanets will be a major scientific driver over the next decade, involving the development of very large telescopes and requires high-contrast imaging close to the optical axis. Some complex…
Impurities in crystalline materials introduce disorder into an otherwise ordered structure due to the formation of lattice defects and grain boundaries. The properties of the resulting polycrystal can differ remarkably from those of the…
We examine the Seidel aberrations of thin spherical lenses composed of media with refractive index not restricted to be positive. We find that consideration of this expanded parameter space allows reduction or elimination of more…
We present a method for speckle holography that is optimised for crowded fields. Its two key features are an iterativ improvement of the instantaneous Point Spread Functions (PSFs) extracted from each speckle frame and the (optional)…
We demonstrate a method to create arbitrary intensity distributions of multiple wavelengths of light, which can be useful for ultracold atom experiments, by using regional phase-calculation algorithms to find a single hologram which is…
The phasing problem of heterodyne-detected nonlinear spectroscopy states that the relative time delay between the exciting pulses and a local oscillator must be known with subcycle precision to separate absorptive and dispersive…
Beam shaping - the ability to engineer the phase and the amplitude of massive and massless particles - has long interested scientists working on communication, imaging and the foundations of quantum mechanics. In light optics, the shaping…
In this work we present an algorithm of building an adequate model of polarizing quantum state measurement. This model takes into account chromatic aberration of the basis change transformation caused by the parasitic dispersion of the wave…
Optics naturally provides us with some powerful mathematical operations. Here we experimentally demonstrate that during reflection or refraction at a single optical planar interface, the optical computing of spatial differentiation can be…
Simultaneous, diffraction-limited control of multiple optical beams is crucial for applications ranging from lithography to optogenetics, deep tissue imaging, and tweezer-based manipulation of cells, particles, or atoms. Despite the desire…
We present a procedure to reconstruct objects from holograms recorded in in-line holography settings. Working with one beam of polarized light, the topological derivatives and energies of functionals quantifying hologram deviations yield…
Nearly twenty years ago, following a sixty year struggle, scientists succeeded in correcting the bane of electron lenses, spherical aberration, using electromagnetic aberration correction. However, such correctors necessitate re-engineering…