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Monte Carlo sampling is a powerful toolbox of algorithmic techniques widely used for a number of applications wherein some noisy quantity, or summary statistic thereof, is sought to be estimated. In this paper, we survey the literature for…

Monte Carlo methods use random sampling to estimate numerical quantities which are hard to compute deterministically. One important example is the use in statistical physics of rapidly mixing Markov chains to approximately compute partition…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-12 Ashley Montanaro

The mean of a random variable can be understood as a linear functional on the space of probability distributions. Quantum computing is known to provide a quadratic speedup over classical Monte Carlo methods for mean estimation. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 Jose Blanchet , Yassine Hamoudi , Mario Szegedy , Guanyang Wang

Quantum algorithms have the potential to provide exponential speedups over some of the best known classical algorithms. These speedups may enable quantum devices to solve currently intractable problems such as those in the fields of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-13 Ciarán Ryan-Anderson

We discuss quantum algorithms that calculate numerical integrals and descriptive statistics of stochastic processes. With either of two distinct approaches, one obtains an exponential speed increase in comparison to the fastest known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniel S. Abrams , Colin P. Williams

Quantum computing promises the ability to compute properties of quantum systems exponentially faster than classical computers. Quantum advantage is achieved when a practical problem is solved more efficiently on a quantum computer than on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 William A. Simon , Peter J. Love

It is known that quantum computers yield a speed-up for certain discrete problems. Here we want to know whether quantum computers are useful for continuous problems. We study the computation of the integral of functions from the classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-16 Erich Novak

We present and analyze a quantum algorithm to estimate credit risk more efficiently than Monte Carlo simulations can do on classical computers. More precisely, we estimate the economic capital requirement, i.e. the difference between the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-09 Daniel J. Egger , Ricardo Gacía Gutiérrez , Jordi Cahué Mestre , Stefan Woerner

Quantum computing uses the physical principles of very small systems to develop computing platforms which can solve problems that are intractable on conventional supercomputers. There are challenges not only in building the required…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-19 Dieter Jaksch , Peyman Givi , Andrew J. Daley , Thomas Rung

Quantum computers (QCs) are maturing. When QCs are powerful enough, they may be able to handle problems in chemistry, physics, and finance that are not classically solvable. However, the applicability of quantum algorithms to speed up…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Andriy Miranskyy , Mushahid Khan , Jean Paul Latyr Faye , Udson C. Mendes

We propose quantum algorithms that provide provable speedups for Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods commonly used for sampling from probability distributions of the form $\pi \propto e^{-f}$, where $f$ is a potential function. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-07 Guneykan Ozgul , Xiantao Li , Mehrdad Mahdavi , Chunhao Wang

Quantum algorithms have gained increasing attention for addressing complex combinatorial problems in finance, notably portfolio optimization. This study systematically benchmarks two prominent variational quantum approaches, Variational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-05 Nouhaila Innan , Ayesha Saleem , Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Shafique

Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are widely used in financial risk management, from estimating value-at-risk (VaR) to pricing over-the-counter derivatives. However, they come at a significant computational cost due to the number of scenarios…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-10 Titos Matsakos , Stuart Nield

Quantum algorithms for both differential equation solving and for machine learning potentially offer an exponential speedup over all known classical algorithms. However, there also exist obstacles to obtaining this potential speedup in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-03 Bobak T. Kiani , Giacomo De Palma , Dirk Englund , William Kaminsky , Milad Marvian , Seth Lloyd

Quantum machine learning deals with leveraging quantum theory with classic machine learning algorithms. Current research efforts study the advantages of using quantum mechanics or quantum information theory to accelerate learning time or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Javier Orduz , Pablo Rivas , Erich Baker

This paper presents methodological improvements to variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) for solving multicriteria optimization problems. We introduce two key contributions. First, we reformulate the parameter optimization task of VQAs as a…

Risk measures are important key figures to measure the adequacy of the reserves of a company. The most common risk measures in practice are Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR). Recently, quantum-based algorithms are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-29 Christian Laudagé , Ivica Turkalj

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) provide a promising approach to achieving quantum advantage for practical problems on near-term noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Thus far, most studies on VQAs have focused on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-06 Yutaro Enomoto , Keitaro Anai , Kenta Udagawa , Shuntaro Takeda

Quantum algorithms can deliver asymptotic speedups over their classical counterparts. However, there are few cases where a substantial quantum speedup has been worked out in detail for reasonably-sized problems, when compared with the best…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Earl Campbell , Ankur Khurana , Ashley Montanaro