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Autonomous GUI agents interact with environments by perceiving interfaces and executing actions. As a virtual sandbox, the GUI World model empowers agents with human-like foresight by enabling action-conditioned prediction. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yuhao Zheng , Li'an Zhong , Yi Wang , Rui Dai , Kaikui Liu , Xiangxiang Chu , Linyuan Lv , Philip Torr , Kevin Qinghong Lin

The challenge in learning abstract concepts from images in an unsupervised fashion lies in the required integration of visual perception and generalizable relational reasoning. Moreover, the unsupervised nature of this task makes it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Antonia Wüst , Wolfgang Stammer , Quentin Delfosse , Devendra Singh Dhami , Kristian Kersting

Synthesis planning and reaction outcome prediction are two fundamental problems in computer-aided organic chemistry for which a variety of data-driven approaches have emerged. Natural language approaches that model each problem as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Zhengkai Tu , Connor W. Coley

Autonomous agents for Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) are revolutionizing human-computer interaction, yet their reliance on text-based instructions imposes limitations on accessibility and convenience, particularly in hands-free scenarios.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Wenkang Han , Zhixiong Zeng , Jing Huang , Shu Jiang , Liming Zheng , Longrong Yang , Haibo Qiu , Chang Yao , Jingyuan Chen , Lin Ma

Recent advances in vision-language models have enabled mobile GUI agents to perceive visual interfaces and execute user instructions, but reliable prediction of action consequences remains critical for long-horizon and high-risk…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Weikai Xu , Kun Huang , Yunren Feng , Jiaxing Li , Yuhan Chen , Yuxuan Liu , Zhizheng Jiang , Heng Qu , Pengzhi Gao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Xiaolin Hu , Bo An

This paper introduces a large-scale multimodal and multilingual dataset that aims to facilitate research on grounding words to images in their contextual usage in language. The dataset consists of images selected to unambiguously illustrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Josiah Wang , Pranava Madhyastha , Josiel Figueiredo , Chiraag Lala , Lucia Specia

Keyword spotting (KWS) plays a critical role in enabling speech-based user interactions on smart devices. Recent developments in the field of deep learning have led to wide adoption of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in KWS systems due…

In recent years, GUI visual agents built upon Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong potential in navigation tasks. However, high-resolution GUI screenshots produce a large number of visual tokens, making the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Daiqiang Li , Zihao Pan , Zeyu Zhang , Ronghao Chen , Huacan Wang , Honggang Chen , Haiyun Jiang

Owe to the powerful generative priors, the pre-trained text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have become increasingly popular in solving the real-world image super-resolution problem. However, as a consequence of the heavy quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Rongyuan Wu , Tao Yang , Lingchen Sun , Zhengqiang Zhang , Shuai Li , Lei Zhang

Voice assistants help users make phone calls, send messages, create events, navigate, and do a lot more. However, assistants have limited capacity to understand their users' context. In this work, we aim to take a step in this direction.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Shruti Bhargava , Anand Dhoot , Ing-Marie Jonsson , Hoang Long Nguyen , Alkesh Patel , Hong Yu , Vincent Renkens

Accurately assessing image complexity (IC) is critical for computer vision, yet most existing methods rely solely on visual features and often neglect high-level semantic information, limiting their accuracy and generalization. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Shipeng Liu , Zhonglin Zhang , Dengfeng Chen , Liang Zhao

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have been used as agents to control keyboard and mouse inputs by directly perceiving the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and generating corresponding commands. However, current agents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Dongping Chen , Yue Huang , Siyuan Wu , Jingyu Tang , Liuyi Chen , Yilin Bai , Zhigang He , Chenlong Wang , Huichi Zhou , Yiqiang Li , Tianshuo Zhou , Yue Yu , Chujie Gao , Qihui Zhang , Yi Gui , Zhen Li , Yao Wan , Pan Zhou , Jianfeng Gao , Lichao Sun

We introduce models for saliency prediction for mobile user interfaces. A mobile interface may include elements like buttons, text, etc. in addition to natural images which enable performing a variety of tasks. Saliency in natural images is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-29 Prakhar Gupta , Shubh Gupta , Ajaykrishnan Jayagopal , Sourav Pal , Ritwik Sinha

Diffusion models have revolted the field of text-to-image generation recently. The unique way of fusing text and image information contributes to their remarkable capability of generating highly text-related images. From another…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Changming Xiao , Qi Yang , Feng Zhou , Changshui Zhang

Translating information between text and image is a fundamental problem in artificial intelligence that connects natural language processing and computer vision. In the past few years, performance in image caption generation has seen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Hao Dong , Jingqing Zhang , Douglas McIlwraith , Yike Guo

World models have shown great utility in improving the task performance of embodied agents. While prior work largely focuses on pixel-space world models, these approaches face practical limitations in GUI settings, where predicting complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Shufan Li , Konstantinos Kallidromitis , Akash Gokul , Yusuke Kato , Kazuki Kozuka , Aditya Grover

Communicating complex system designs or scientific processes through text alone is inefficient and prone to ambiguity. A system that automatically generates scientific architecture diagrams from text with high semantic fidelity can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Shivank Garg , Sankalp Mittal , Manish Gupta

Pixel-based language models have emerged as a compelling alternative to subword-based language modelling, particularly because they can represent virtually any script. PIXEL, a canonical example of such a model, is a vision transformer that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Kushal Tatariya , Vladimir Araujo , Thomas Bauwens , Miryam de Lhoneux

Universal medical image segmentation seeks to use a single foundational model to handle diverse tasks across multiple imaging modalities. However, existing approaches often rely heavily on manual visual prompts or retrieved reference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Haoyun Chen , Fenghe Tang , Wenxin Ma , Shaohua Kevin Zhou

App agents, which autonomously operate mobile Apps through Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs), have gained significant interest in real-world applications. Yet, they often struggle with long-horizon planning, failing to find the optimal…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Dezhao Luo , Bohan Tang , Kang Li , Georgios Papoudakis , Jifei Song , Shaogang Gong , Jianye Hao , Jun Wang , Kun Shao