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The emerging 4D millimeter-wave radar, measuring the range, azimuth, elevation, and Doppler velocity of objects, is recognized for its cost-effectiveness and robustness in autonomous driving. Nevertheless, its point clouds exhibit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yuzhi Wu , Li Xiao , Jun Liu , Guangfeng Jiang , XiangGen Xia

We propose a fast and robust method to estimate the ground surface from LIDAR measurements on an automated vehicle. The ground surface is modeled as a UBS which is robust towards varying measurement densities and with a single parameter…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Sascha Wirges , Kevin Rösch , Frank Bieder , Christoph Stiller

One key vertical application that will be enabled by 6G is the automation of the processes with the increased use of robots. As a result, sensing and localization of the surrounding environment becomes a crucial factor for these robots to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-23 Madhushanka Padmal , Dileepa Marasinghe , Vijitha Isuru , Nalin Jayaweera , Samad Ali , Nandana Rajatheva

In recent times, there has been a notable surge in multimodal approaches that decorates raw LiDAR point clouds with camera-derived features to improve object detection performance. However, we found that these methods still grapple with the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Sudip Dhakal , Dominic Carrillo , Deyuan Qu , Michael Nutt , Qing Yang , Song Fu

LiDAR-based localization and mapping is one of the core components in many modern robotic systems due to the direct integration of range and geometry, allowing for precise motion estimation and generation of high quality maps in real-time.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Julian Nubert , Etienne Walther , Shehryar Khattak , Marco Hutter

Autonomous vehicles rely heavily on sensors such as camera and LiDAR, which provide real-time information about their surroundings for the tasks of perception, planning and control. Typically a LiDAR can only provide sparse point cloud…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-07 Lin Bai , Yiming Zhao , Mahdi Elhousni , Xinming Huang

Automated vehicles require an accurate perception of their surroundings for safe and efficient driving. Lidar-based object detection is a widely used method for environment perception, but its performance is significantly affected by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Raphael van Kempen , Tim Rehbronn , Abin Jose , Johannes Stegmaier , Bastian Lampe , Timo Woopen , Lutz Eckstein

LiDAR-based 3D object detection pushes forward an immense influence on autonomous vehicles. Due to the limitation of the intrinsic properties of LiDAR, fewer points are collected at the objects farther away from the sensor. This imbalanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Ziyu Li , Yuncong Yao , Zhibin Quan , Wankou Yang , Jin Xie

This work presents an extrinsic parameter estimation algorithm between a 3D LIDAR and a Projective Camera using a marker-less planar target, by exploiting Planar Surface Point to Plane and Planar Edge Point to back-projected Plane geometric…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Subodh Mishra , Gaurav Pandey , Srikanth Saripalli

Three dimensional (3D) object recognition is becoming a key desired capability for many computer vision systems such as autonomous vehicles, service robots and surveillance drones to operate more effectively in unstructured environments.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Chenxi Xiao , Juan Wachs

3D point clouds are increasingly vital for applications like autonomous driving and robotics, yet the raw data captured by sensors often suffer from noise and sparsity, creating challenges for downstream tasks. Consequently, point cloud…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Donghyun Kim , Hyeonkyeong Kwon , Yumin Kim , Seong Jae Hwang

Automotive radar systems have evolved to provide not only range, azimuth and Doppler velocity, but also elevation data. This additional dimension allows for the representation of 4D radar as a 3D point cloud. As a result, existing deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Alexander Musiat , Laurenz Reichardt , Michael Schulze , Oliver Wasenmüller

Although LiDAR sensors are crucial for autonomous systems due to providing precise depth information, they struggle with capturing fine object details, especially at a distance, due to sparse and non-uniform data. Recent advances introduced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Tiago Cortinhal , Idriss Gouigah , Eren Erdal Aksoy

This paper presents a novel architecture for point cloud road user detection, which is based on a classical point cloud proposal generator approach, that utilizes simple geometrical rules. New methods are coupled with this technique to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Alvari Seppänen , Eerik Alamikkotervo , Risto Ojala , Giacomo Dario , Kari Tammi

Accurate rail location is a crucial part in the railway support driving system for safety monitoring. LiDAR can obtain point clouds that carry 3D information for the railway environment, especially in darkness and terrible weather…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Xinyi Yu , Weiqi He , Xuecheng Qian , Yang Yang , Linlin Ou

Mobile robots equipped with multiple light detection and ranging (LiDARs) and capable of recognizing their surroundings are increasing due to the minitualization and cost reduction of LiDAR. This paper proposes a target-less extrinsic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Shun Niijima , Atsushi Suzuki , Ryoichi Tsuzaki , Masaya Kinoshita

Drones have proven to be useful in many industry segments such as security and surveillance, where e.g. on-board real-time object tracking is a necessity for autonomous flying guards. Tracking and following suspicious objects is therefore…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Maarten Vandersteegen , Kristof Vanbeeck , Toon goedeme

Camera-radar fusion offers a robust and low-cost alternative to Camera-lidar fusion for the 3D object detection task in real-time under adverse weather and lighting conditions. However, currently, in the literature, it is possible to find…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Ruan Bispo , Dane Mitrev , Letizia Mariotti , Clément Botty , Denver Humphrey , Anthony Scanlan , Ciarán Eising

Two major challenges of 3D LiDAR Panoptic Segmentation (PS) are that point clouds of an object are surface-aggregated and thus hard to model the long-range dependency especially for large instances, and that objects are too close to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Shuangjie Xu , Rui Wan , Maosheng Ye , Xiaoyi Zou , Tongyi Cao

In GPS-denied scenarios, a robust environmental perception and localization system becomes crucial for autonomous driving. In this paper, a LiDAR-based online localization system is developed, incorporating road marking detection and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Yansong Gong , Xinglian Zhang , Jingyi Feng , Xiao He , Dan Zhang