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General-purpose pretrained sentence encoders such as BERT are not ideal for real-world conversational AI applications; they are computationally heavy, slow, and expensive to train. We propose ConveRT (Conversational Representations from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Matthew Henderson , Iñigo Casanueva , Nikola Mrkšić , Pei-Hao Su , Tsung-Hsien Wen , Ivan Vulić

Pre-training Transformer from large-scale raw texts and fine-tuning on the desired task have achieved state-of-the-art results on diverse NLP tasks. However, it is unclear what the learned attention captures. The attention computed by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Yau-Shian Wang , Hung-Yi Lee , Yun-Nung Chen

Text-to-image generation has advanced rapidly, yet it still struggles to capture the nuanced user preferences. Existing approaches typically rely on multimodal large language models to infer user preferences, but the derived prompts or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zihao Wang , Yuxiang Wei , Xinpeng Zhou , Tianyu Zhang , Tao Liang , Yalong Bai , Hongzhi Zhang , Wangmeng Zuo

Artificial intelligence systems are being increasingly deployed due to their potential to increase the efficiency, scale, consistency, fairness, and accuracy of decisions. However, as many of these systems are opaque in their operation,…

The paper extends an existing Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) that supports students' learning via AI-driven personalized hints and can generate explanations to justify why/how the hints were generated. In this work, we investigate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Vedant Bahel , Harshinee Sriram , Cristina Conati

Generative recommendation based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed the traditional ranking-based recommendation style into a text-to-text generation paradigm. However, in contrast to standard NLP tasks that inherently operate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Juntao Tan , Shuyuan Xu , Wenyue Hua , Yingqiang Ge , Zelong Li , Yongfeng Zhang

Self-attention has emerged as a vital component of state-of-the-art sequence-to-sequence models for natural language processing in recent years, brought to the forefront by pre-trained bi-directional Transformer models. Its effectiveness is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Hyoungwook Nam , Seung Byum Seo , Vikram Sharma Mailthody , Noor Michael , Lan Li

Tour itinerary planning and recommendation are challenging problems for tourists visiting unfamiliar cities. Many tour recommendation algorithms only consider factors such as the location and popularity of Points of Interest (POIs) but…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Ngai Lam Ho , Kwan Hui Lim

By providing explanations for users and system designers to facilitate better understanding and decision making, explainable recommendation has been an important research problem. In this paper, we propose Counterfactual Explainable…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Juntao Tan , Shuyuan Xu , Yingqiang Ge , Yunqi Li , Xu Chen , Yongfeng Zhang

We propose a method for building an interpretable recommender system for personalizing online content and promotions. Historical data available for the system consists of customer features, provided content (promotions), and user responses.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-21 Amit Dhurandhar , Sechan Oh , Marek Petrik

Most conversational recommendation approaches are either not explainable, or they require external user's knowledge for explaining or their explanations cannot be applied in real time due to computational limitations. In this work, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Nikolaos Kondylidis , Jie Zou , Evangelos Kanoulas

Large Transformer models achieved the state-of-the-art status for Natural Language Understanding tasks and are increasingly becoming the baseline model architecture for modeling source code. Transformers are usually pre-trained on large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Andrei Zlotchevski , Dawn Drain , Alexey Svyatkovskiy , Colin Clement , Neel Sundaresan , Michele Tufano

Personalized recommendation serves as a ubiquitous channel for users to discover information tailored to their interests. However, traditional recommendation models primarily rely on unique IDs and categorical features for user-item…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Qijiong Liu , Jieming Zhu , Yanting Yang , Quanyu Dai , Zhaocheng Du , Xiao-Ming Wu , Zhou Zhao , Rui Zhang , Zhenhua Dong

Personalized image generation via text prompts has great potential to improve daily life and professional work by facilitating the creation of customized visual content. The aim of image personalization is to create images based on a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Mingxiao Li , Tingyu Qu , Tinne Tuytelaars , Marie-Francine Moens

Person attribute recognition and attribute-based retrieval are two core human-centric tasks. In the recognition task, the challenge is specifying attributes depending on a person's appearance, while the retrieval task involves searching for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Doanh C. Bui , Thinh V. Le , Ba Hung Ngo , Tae Jong Choi

Recently emerged prompt-based Recommendation Language Models (RLM) can solve multiple recommendation tasks uniformly. The RLMs make full use of the inherited knowledge learned from the abundant pre-training data to solve the downstream…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Zelong Li , Jianchao Ji , Yingqiang Ge , Wenyue Hua , Yongfeng Zhang

The emerging meta- and multi-verse landscape is yet another step towards the more prevalent use of already ubiquitous online markets. In such markets, recommender systems play critical roles by offering items of interest to the users,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Ehsan Gholami , Mohammad Motamedi , Ashwin Aravindakshan

Predicting and explaining the private information contained in an image in human-understandable terms is a complex and contextual task. This task is challenging even for large language models. To facilitate the understanding of privacy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Alina Elena Baia , Andrea Cavallaro

Large Language Models (LLMs) have quickly become an invaluable assistant for a variety of tasks. However, their effectiveness is constrained by their ability to tailor responses to human preferences and behaviors via personalization. Prior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Lucie Charlotte Magister , Katherine Metcalf , Yizhe Zhang , Maartje ter Hoeve

We propose a general method to break down a main complex task into a set of intermediary easier sub-tasks, which are formulated in natural language as binary questions related to the final target task. Our method allows for representing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Felipe Urrutia , Cristian Buc , Valentin Barriere
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