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Knowledge of the mass composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays is crucial to understanding their origins; however, current approaches have limited event-by-event resolution. With fluorescence telescope measurements of the longitudinal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-10 Zhuoyi Wang , Eric Mayotte , Sonja Mayotte , Nathan Woo , Julia Burton-Heibges , Nicolas San Martin , Cailyn Smith

Deep Learning (DL) is penetrating into a diverse range of mass mobility, smart living, and industrial applications, rapidly transforming the way we live and work. DL is at the heart of many AI implementations. A key set of challenges is to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Weisi Guo , Schyler Sun , Bin Li , Sam Blakeman

Millimeter wave communications are essential for modern wireless networks. It supports high data rates but suffers from severe path loss, which requires precise beam alignment to maintain reliable links. This beam management is particularly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Ailton Oliveira , Amir Khatibi , Daniel Suzuki , Ilan Correa , José Rezende , Aldebaro Klautau

Super-resolution (SR) models in cosmological simulations use deep learning (DL) to rapidly enhance low-resolution (LR) runs with statistically correct fine details. These models preserves large-scale structures by conditioning on an LR…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-13 Xiaowen Zhang , Patrick Lachance , Ankita Dasgupta , Rupert A. C. Croft , Tiziana Di Matteo , Yueying Ni , Simeon Bird , Yin Li

Recognizing an activity with a single reference sample using metric learning approaches is a promising research field. The majority of few-shot methods focus on object recognition or face-identification. We propose a metric learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Raphael Memmesheimer , Nick Theisen , Dietrich Paulus

We have performed a 70 billion dark-matter particles N-body simulation in a 2 $h^{-1}$ Gpc periodic box, using the concordance, cosmological model as favored by the latest WMAP3 results. We have computed a full-sky convergence map with a…

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) learn representation from data with an impressive capability, and brought important breakthroughs for processing images, time-series, natural language, audio, video, and many others. In the remote sensing field,…

Gravitational lensing of the microwave background by the intervening dark matter mainly arises from large-angle fluctuations in the projected gravitational potential and hence offers a unique opportunity to study the physics of the dark…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-12 Takemi Okamoto , Wayne Hu

Over the last decade, robotic perception algorithms have significantly benefited from the rapid advances in deep learning (DL). Indeed, a significant amount of the autonomy stack of different commercial and research platforms relies on DL…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Yu Xianjia , Sahar Salimpour , Jorge Peña Queralta , Tomi Westerlund

Depth completion aims to recover dense depth maps from sparse depth measurements. It is of increasing importance for autonomous driving and draws increasing attention from the vision community. Most of existing methods directly train a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Yan Xu , Xinge Zhu , Jianping Shi , Guofeng Zhang , Hujun Bao , Hongsheng Li

Differentiable ray tracing has recently challenged the status quo in radio propagation modelling and digital twinning. Promising unprecedented speed and the ability to learn from real-world data, it offers a real alternative to conventional…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Stefanos Bakirtzis , Paul Almasan , José Suárez-Varela , Gabriel O. Ferreira , Michail Kalntis , André Felipe Zanella , Ian Wassell , Andra Lutu

Machine learning models can greatly improve the search for strong gravitational lenses in imaging surveys by reducing the amount of human inspection required. In this work, we test the performance of supervised, semi-supervised, and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-08-17 Keerthi Vasan G. C. , Stephen Sheng , Tucker Jones , Chi Po Choi , James Sharpnack

The cosmic microwave background $B$-mode signal is potentially weaker than the diffuse Galactic foregrounds over most of the sky at any frequency. A common method of separating the CMB from these foregrounds is via pixel-based…

Based on its great successes in inference and denosing tasks, Dictionary Learning (DL) and its related sparse optimization formulations have garnered a lot of research interest. While most solutions have focused on single layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Wen Tang , Emilie Chouzenoux , Jean-Christophe Pesquet , Hamid Krim

Deep kernel learning aims at designing nonlinear combinations of multiple standard elementary kernels by training deep networks. This scheme has proven to be effective, but intractable when handling large-scale datasets especially when the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Mingyuan Jiu , Hichem Sahbi

Hybrid analog-digital (HAD) architecture is widely adopted in practical millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems to reduce hardware cost and energy consumption. However, channel estimation in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Jiabao Gao , Caijun Zhong , Geoffrey Ye Li , Joseph B. Soriaga , Arash Behboodi

The electron density is a key parameter to characterize any plasma. Most of the plasma applications and research in the area of low-temperature plasmas (LTPs) are based on the accurate estimations of plasma density and plasma temperature.…

Simulations of biological macromolecules play an important role in understanding the physical basis of a number of complex processes such as protein folding. Even with increasing computational power and evolution of specialized…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Hyungro Lee , Heng Ma , Matteo Turilli , Debsindhu Bhowmik , Shantenu Jha , Arvind Ramanathan

Advances in network programmability enable operators to 'slice' the physical infrastructure into independent logical networks. By this approach, each network slice aims to accommodate the demands of increasingly diverse services. However,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-03 Rui Li , Chaoyun Zhang , Paul Patras , Pan Cao , John S. Thompson

This paper presents a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning model, inspired from UNet with series of encoder and decoder units with skip connections, for the simulation of microwave-plasma interaction. The microwave…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-12-21 Mihir Desai , Pratik Ghosh , Ahlad Kumar , Bhaskar Chaudhury