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Many modern AI question-answering systems convert text into vectors and retrieve the closest matches to a user question. While effective for topical similarity, similarity scores alone do not explain why some retrieved text can serve as…

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong reasoning capabilities in complex tasks. However, they still struggle with hallucinations and factual errors in knowledge-intensive scenarios like knowledge graph question answering (KGQA). We…

Computing expected predictions of discriminative models is a fundamental task in machine learning that appears in many interesting applications such as fairness, handling missing values, and data analysis. Unfortunately, computing…

Many efforts have been dedicated to identifying restrictions on ontologies expressed as tuple-generating dependencies (tgds), a.k.a. existential rules, that lead to the decidability for the problem of answering ontology-mediated queries…

Recently, deep learning-based language models have significantly enhanced text-to-SQL tasks, with promising applications in retrieving patient records within the medical domain. One notable challenge in such applications is discerning…

We study grammar-constrained decoding (GCD) as a coupling between an autoregressive next-token distribution and a reachability oracle over a pushdown system compiled from a context-free grammar (CFG). We prove an oracle invariance theorem:…

We propose a novel framework to facilitate the on-demand design of data-centric systems by exploiting domain knowledge from an existing ontology. Its key ingredient is a process that we call focusing, which allows to obtain a schema for a…

We study the problem to decide, given sets T1,T2 of tuple-generating dependencies (TGDs), also called existential rules, whether T2 is a conservative extension of T1. We consider two natural notions of conservative extension, one pertaining…

Structural decomposition methods have been developed for identifying tractable classes of instances of fundamental problems in databases, such as conjunctive queries and query containment, of the constraint satisfaction problem in…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) helps large language models (LLMs) answer knowledge-intensive and time-sensitive questions by conditioning generation on external evidence. However, most RAG systems still retrieve unstructured chunks…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is widely used to ground large language models in external knowledge sources. However, when applied to heterogeneous corpora and multi-step queries, Naive RAG pipelines often degrade in quality due to…

Conceptual dependencies (CDs) are particular kinds of key dependencies (KDs) and inclusion dependencies (IDs) that precisely characterize relational schemata modeled according to the main features of the Entity-Relationship (ER) model. An…

Counting the number of answers to conjunctive queries is a fundamental problem in databases that, under standard assumptions, does not have an efficient solution. The issue is inherently #P-hard, extending even to classes of acyclic…

Recognizing similarities among entities is central to both human cognition and computational intelligence. Within this broader landscape, Entity Set Expansion is one prominent task aimed at taking an initial set of (tuples of) entities and…

Graph Transformers (GTs) have emerged as powerful architectures for graph-structured data, yet remain constrained by rigid designs and lack quantifiable interpretability. Current state-of-the-art GTs commit to fixed GNN types across all…

Massive data streams from IoT and cyber-physical systems must be processed under strict bandwidth, latency, and resource constraints. Generalized Deduplication (GD) is a promising lossless compression framework, as it supports random access…

CTL is the dominant temporal specification language in practice mainly due to the fact that it admits model checking in linear time. Logic programming and the database query language Datalog are often used as an implementation platform for…

In knowledge grounded conversation, domain knowledge plays an important role in a special domain such as Music. The response of knowledge grounded conversation might contain multiple answer entities or no entity at all. Although existing…

Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) seeks to uncover novel categories in unlabeled data while preserving recognition of known categories, yet prevailing visual-only pipelines and the loose coupling between supervised learning and discovery…

In ontology-mediated query answering, access to incomplete data sources is mediated by a conceptual layer constituted by an ontology. To correctly compute answers to queries, it is necessary to perform complex reasoning over the constraints…