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Single-photon avalanche detectors (SPADs) are well-suited for satellite-based quantum communication because of their advantageous operating characteristics as well as their relatively straightforward and robust integration into satellite…

Space Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Joanna Krynski , Nigar Sultana , Youn Seok Lee , Vadim Makarov , Thomas Jennewein

High-frequency sine wave gating (SWG) InGaAs/InP single-photon detectors (SPDs) are widely used for synchronous near-infrared single-photon detection. For practical use, the size of SPD is one of the most concerning features for system…

In quantum communication systems, the precise estimation of the detector's response to the incoming light is necessary to avoid security breaches. The typical working regime uses a free-running single-photon avalanche diode in combination…

Single-photon detectors (SPDs) at near infrared wavelengths with high system detection efficiency (> 90%), low dark count rate (< 1 counts per second, cps), low timing jitter (< 100 ps), and short reset time (< 100 ns) would enable landmark…

Traditional cameras face a trade-off between low-light performance and high-speed imaging: longer exposure times to capture sufficient light results in motion blur, whereas shorter exposures result in Poisson-corrupted noisy images. While…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-23 Manasi Muglikar , Siddharth Somasundaram , Akshat Dave , Edoardo Charbon , Ramesh Raskar , Davide Scaramuzza

We characterize a near-infrared single-photon detector based on an InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode and the self-differencing post-processing technique. It operates at gate rates of 200 MHz and higher. The compact, integrated design employs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Chris Healey , Itzel Lucio-Martinez , Michael R. E. Lamont , Xiaofan Mo , Wolfgang Tittel

Single photon detectors have dark count rates that depend strongly on the bias level for detector operation. In the case of weak light sources such as novel lasers or single-photon emitters, the rate of counts due to the light source can be…

Optics · Physics 2023-01-16 Nicole Menkart , Joseph D. Hart , Thomas E. Murphy , Rajarshi Roy

We give an analytic treatment of the time resolution and efficiency of Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) and Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs). We provide closed-form expressions for structures with uniform electric fields and efficient…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-05-05 Werner Riegler , Philipp Windischhofer

Single-photon detectors (SPDs) are crucial in applications ranging from space, biological imaging to quantum communication and information processing. The SPDs that operate at room temperature are of particular interest to broader…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Nithin Abraham , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Kausik Majumdar

We propose a photon-arrival detector (PAD), which detects the arrival of a signal photon and simultaneously projects the signal input state to a single photon state, with an atom-cavity system. In this proposal, use of a V-type system as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Kunihiro Kojima , Akihisa Tomita

Single-photon detection is an invaluable tool for many applications ranging from basic research to consumer electronics. In this respect, the Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) plays a key role in enabling a broad diffusion of these…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-02-05 Angelo Gulinatti , Francesco Ceccarelli , Massimo Ghioni , Ivan Rech

It is challenging to implement genuine free running single photon detectors for the 1550 nm wavelength range with simultaneously high detection efficiency (DE), low dark noise, and good time resolution. We report a novel read out system for…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2012-07-18 Zhizhong Yan , Deny R. Hamel , Aimee K. Heinrichs , Xudong Jiang , Mark A. Itzler , Thomas Jennewein

Digital camera pixels measure image intensities by converting incident light energy into an analog electrical current, and then digitizing it into a fixed-width binary representation. This direct measurement method, while conceptually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Atul Ingle , Trevor Seets , Mauro Buttafava , Shantanu Gupta , Alberto Tosi , Mohit Gupta , Andreas Velten

In this paper, we study the effect of various transmitter and receiver parameters on the quantum bit error rate (QBER) performance of underwater quantum key distribution. We utilize a Monte Carlo approach to simulate the trajectories of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-20 Amir Hossein Fahim Raouf , Murat Uysal

Silicon single-photon detectors (Si SPDs) play a crucial role in detecting single photons in the visible spectrum. For various applications, photon detection efficiency (PDE) is the most critical characteristic for effectively collecting…

To date, most integrated quantum photonics experiments rely on single-photon detectors operating at cryogenic temperatures coupled to photonic integrated circuits (PICs) through single-mode optical fibers. This approach presents significant…

Single Photon Detectors (SPD) are fundamental to quantum optics and quantum information. Superconducting Nanowire SPDs (SNSPD) [1] provide high performance in terms of quantum efficiency (QE), dark count rate (DCR) and timing jitter [2],…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-02 Mohsen K. Akhlaghi , A. Hamed Majedi

Single-photon detectors are a pivotal component in photonic quantum technologies. A precise and comprehensive calibration of the intrinsic detection efficiency is of utmost importance to ensure the proper evaluation of the performance in…

In this paper, we have investigated a self-developed sine wave gated (SWG) single-photon detector (SPD) for 1550 nm wavelength primary for quantum key distribution (QKD) usage. We have investigated different gate parameters` influence on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-20 A. V. Losev , V. V. Zavodilenko , A. A. Koziy , Y. V. Kurochkin , A. A. Gorbatsevich

We present a gated silicon single photon detector based on a commercially available avalanche photodiode. Our detector achieves a photon detection efficiency of 45\pm5% at 808 nm with 2x 10^-6 dark count per ns at -30V of excess bias and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-11 T. Lunghi , E. Pomarico , C. Barreiro , D. Stucki , B. Sanguinetti , H. Zbinden