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We discuss the main elements of a collider facility based on proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration. We show that very competitive luminosities could be reached for high energy $e^+e^-$ colliders. A first set of parameters was…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Allen Caldwell , John Farmer , Nelson Lopes , Alexander Pukhov , Ferdinand Willeke , Thomas Wilson

Laser-plasma accelerators present a promising alternative to conventional accelerators. To fully exploit the extreme amplitudes of the plasma fields and produce high-quality beams, precise control over electron injection into the…

Plasma-Based Acceleration (PBA) has been demonstrated using laser, electron, and proton drivers. However, significant challenges remain in achieving high efficiency, stable acceleration, and scalable energy gain. Heavy ion beam drivers,…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Jiangdong Li , Jiancheng Yang , Guoxing Xia , Jie Liu , Ruihu Zhu , Xiangwen Qiao

Plasma wakefield dynamics over timescales up to 800 ps, approximately 100 plasma periods, are studied experimentally at the Advanced Wakefield Experiment (AWAKE). The development of the longitudinal wakefield amplitude driven by a…

The Advanced Proton Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment (AWAKE) aims at studying plasma wakefield generation and electron acceleration driven by proton bunches. It is a proof-of-principle R&D experiment at CERN and the world's…

Plasma wakefield acceleration in the nonlinear blowout regime has been shown to provide high acceleration gradients and high energy transfer efficiency while maintaining great beam quality for electron acceleration. In contrast, research on…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-11-16 Shiyu Zhou , Weiming An , Siqin Ding , Jianfei Hua , Warren B. Mori , Chan Joshi , Wei Lu

Since it is possible to form laser pulses with a frequency much larger than the frequency of visible light, Prof. T.Tajima proposed using such pulse to accelerate the particles at its injection into the crystal. Here, the wakefield…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-01-07 Denys Bondar , Vasyl Maslov , Iryna Levchuk , Ivan Onishcenko

Plasma wakefield acceleration in the blowout regime is particularly promising for high-energy acceleration of electron beams because of its potential to simultaneously provide large acceleration gradients and high energy transfer efficiency…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-11-09 Shiyu Zhou , Jianfei Hua , Wei Lu , Weiming An , Warren B. Mori , Chan Joshi

Proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration allows the transfer of energy from a proton bunch to a trailing bunch of particles, the `witness' particles, via plasma electrons. The AWAKE experiment at CERN is pursuing a demonstration of this…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2018-12-21 Allen Caldwell , Edda Gschwendtner , Konstantin Lotov , Patric Muggli , Matthew Wing

Recent simulations have shown that a high-energy proton bunch can excite strong plasma wakefields and accelerate a bunch of electrons to the energy frontier in a single stage of acceleration. This scheme could lead to a future $ep$ collider…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2014-07-09 M. Wing , G. Xia , O. Mete , A. Aimidula , C. Welsch , S. Chattopadhyay , S. Mandry

Plasma-based accelerators have achieved tremendous progress in the past few decades, thanks to the advances of high power lasers and the availability of high-energy and relativistic particle beams. However, the electrons (or positrons)…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2017-12-25 M. R. Islam , G. Xia , Y. Li , B. Williamson

New particle acceleration schemes open up exciting opportunities, potentially providing more compact or higher-energy accelerators. The AWAKE experiment at CERN is currently taking data to establish the method of proton-driven plasma…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2019-09-04 M. Wing

The acceleration of charged particles, producing collimated mono-energetic beams, over short distances holds the promise to offer new tools in medicine and diagnostics. Here, we consider a possible mechanism for accelerating protons to high…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 A. Holkundkar , G. Brodin , M. Marklund

The AWAKE Collaboration is pursuing a demonstration of proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration of electrons. The AWAKE experiment uses a \SI{400}{GeV/c} proton bunch from the CERN SPS, with a rms bunch length of $6$-\SI{15}{cm}, to…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2018-10-17 M. Turner

Relativistic laser wakefield acceleration is characterized by an unsurpassed accelerating gradient, which is very suitable for electron acceleration over short distances and could be a promising candidate for next-generation compact…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-08-01 Wei-Yuan Liu , Xing-Long Zhu , Min Chen , Su-Ming Weng , Feng He , Zheng-Ming Sheng , Jie Zhang

Autoresonant phase-locking of the plasma wakefield to the beat frequency of two driving lasers offers advantages over conventional wakefield acceleration methods, since it requires less demanding laser parameters and is robust to variations…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-02-12 M. Luo , C. Riconda , I. Pusztai , A. Grassi , J. S. Wurtele , T. Fülöp

Plasma-based acceleration schemes have attracted sustained interest as a pathway toward compact particle accelerators, owing to the large electric fields supported by plasmas. Although recent studies have demonstrated the excitation of…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Jesús E. López , Eduardo A. Orozco-Ospino

The electric field in laser-driven plasma wakefield acceleration is orders of magnitude higher than conventional radio-frequency cavities, but the energy gain is limited by dephasing between the ultra-relativistic electron bunch and the…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2020-03-18 James D. Sadler , Christopher Arran , Hui Li , Kirk A. Flippo

We report a laser wakefield acceleration of electron beams up to 130 MeV from laser-driven 4-mm long nitrogen gas jet. By using a moderate laser intensity (3.5*10^18 W.cm^(-2)) and relatively low plasma densities (0.8*10^18 cm^(-3) to…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2014-10-14 Mengze Tao , Nasr A. M. Hafz , Song Li , Mohammad Mirzaie , Liming Chen , Fei He , Ya Cheng , Jie Zhang

We present the first demonstration of multi-GeV laser wakefield acceleration in a fully optically formed plasma waveguide, with an acceleration gradient as high as 25 GeV/m. The guide was formed via self-waveguiding of <15 J, 45 fs (<~300…