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Multi-agent planning under stochastic dynamics is usually formalised using decentralized (partially observable) Markov decision processes ( MDPs) and reachability or expected reward specifications. In this paper, we propose a different…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Francesco Pontiggia , Filip Macák , Roman Andriushchenko , Michele Chiari , Milan Češka

This paper presents a class of epistemic logics that captures the dynamics of acquiring knowledge and descending into oblivion, while incorporating concepts of group knowledge. The approach is grounded in a system of weighted models,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Xiaolong Liang , Yì N. Wáng

With large language models (LLMs) increasingly deployed as cognitive engines for AI agents, the reliability and effectiveness critically hinge on their intrinsic epistemic agency, which remains understudied. Epistemic agency, the ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Lingyu Li , Yixu Wang , Haiquan Zhao , Shuqi Kong , Yan Teng , Chunbo Li , Yingchun Wang

Efficient exploration is a well known problem in deep reinforcement learning and this problem is exacerbated in multi-agent reinforcement learning due the intrinsic complexities of such algorithms. There are several approaches to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Ashish Kumar

We investigate the problem of learning description logic ontologies from entailments via queries, using epistemic reasoning. We introduce a new learning model consisting of epistemic membership and example queries and show that polynomial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Ana Ozaki , Nicolas Troquard

Linear Logic and Defeasible Logic have been adopted to formalise different features relevant to agents: consumption of resources, and reasoning with exceptions. We propose a framework to combine sub-structural features, corresponding to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Francesco Olivieri , Guido Governatori , Matteo Cristani , Nick van Beest , Silvano Colombo-Tosatto

Distributed ensemble learning (DEL) involves training multiple models at distributed learners, and then combining their predictions to improve performance. Existing related studies focus on DEL algorithm design and optimization but ignore…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Chao Huang , Pengchao Han , Jianwei Huang

The search for information on the web is faced with several problems, which arise on the one hand from the vast number of available sources, and on the other hand from their heterogeneity. A promising approach is the use of multi-agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2007-05-23 T. Eiter , M. Fink , G. Sabbatini , H. Tompits

Individual agents in multi-agent (MA) systems often lack robustness, tending to blindly conform to misleading peers. We show this weakness stems from both sycophancy and inadequate ability to evaluate peer reliability. To address this, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Ruiwen Zhou , Maojia Song , Xiaobao Wu , Sitao Cheng , Xunjian Yin , Yuxi Xie , Zhuoqun Hao , Wenyue Hua , Liangming Pan , Soujanya Poria , Min-Yen Kan

Giving autonomous agents the ability to forecast their own outcomes and uncertainty will allow them to communicate their competencies and be used more safely. We accomplish this by using a learned world model of the agent system to forecast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Aastha Acharya , Rebecca Russell , Nisar R. Ahmed

Educational recommender systems have become a necessity in the recent years due to overload of available educational resource which makes it difficult for an individual to manually hunt for the required resource on the internet. E-learning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Nethra Viswanathan

Automated decision-making under uncertainty requires balancing exploitation and exploration. Classical methods treat these separately using heuristics, while Active Inference unifies them through Expected Free Energy (EFE) minimization.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Wouter W. L. Nuijten , Mykola Lukashchuk

The paper proposes to treat agent awareness as a form of knowledge, breaking the tradition in the existing literature on awareness. It distinguishes the de re and de dicto forms of such knowledge. The work introduces two modalities…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Pavel Naumov , Alexandra Pavlova

Reinforcement learning and classical planning are typically seen as two distinct problems, with differing formulations necessitating different solutions. Yet, when humans are given a task, regardless of the way it is specified, they can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Gabriel Stella

We address the problem of learning to assign prediction tasks to one agent from a set of available human or AI agents. In particular, we focus on the sequential learning of agent expertise and assignment policies where each agent is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Shang Wu , Saatvik Kher , Padhraic Smyth

A critical failure mode of current lifelong agents is not lack of knowledge, but the inability to decide how to reason. When an agent encounters "Is this coin fair?" it must recognize whether to invoke frequentist hypothesis testing or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zhaohui Geoffrey Wang

We study budget-constrained tool-augmented agents, where a large language model must solve multi-step tasks by invoking external tools under a strict monetary budget. We formalize this setting as sequential decision making in context space…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Hanbing Liu , Chunhao Tian , Nan An , Ziyuan Wang , Pinyan Lu , Changyuan Yu , Qi Qi

We introduce an expressive probabilistic temporal epistemic logic PTEL suitable to reason about uncertain knowledge of a non-rigid set of agents that can be changed during time. We define semantics for PTEL as Kripke models with epistemic…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-05-27 Zoran Ognjanović , Angelina Ilić Stepić , Aleksandar Perović

Recent agent frameworks and inference-time algorithms often struggle with complex planning problems due to limitations in verifying generated plans or reasoning and varying complexity of instances within a single task. Many existing methods…

Biological brains are inherently limited in their capacity to process and store information, but are nevertheless capable of solving complex tasks with apparent ease. Intelligent behavior is related to these limitations, since resource…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-16 Nisheet Patel , Luigi Acerbi , Alexandre Pouget