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In this work, we present a novel approach to multi-label chest X-ray (CXR) image classification that enhances clinical interpretability while maintaining a streamlined, single-model, single-run training pipeline. Leveraging the CheXpert…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Mehrdad Asadi , Komi Sodoké , Ian J. Gerard , Marta Kersten-Oertel

Chest X-ray imaging is a critical diagnostic tool for identifying pulmonary diseases. However, manual interpretation of these images is time-consuming and error-prone. Automated systems utilizing convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-25 Saurabh Agarwal , K. V. Arya , Yogesh Kumar Meena

Although deep learning models for chest X-ray interpretation are commonly trained on labels generated by automatic radiology report labelers, the impact of improvements in report labeling on the performance of chest X-ray classification…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-30 Saahil Jain , Akshay Smit , Andrew Y. Ng , Pranav Rajpurkar

There has been significant progress in implementing deep learning models in disease diagnosis using chest X- rays. Despite these advancements, inherent biases in these models can lead to disparities in prediction accuracy across protected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Dana Moukheiber , Saurabh Mahindre , Lama Moukheiber , Mira Moukheiber , Mingchen Gao

Chest X-rays have become the focus of vigorous deep learning research in recent years due to the availability of large labeled datasets. While classification of anomalous findings is now possible, ensuring that they are correctly localized…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-22 Neha Srivathsa , Razi Mahmood , Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood

The field of medical diagnostics contains a wealth of challenges which closely resemble classical machine learning problems; practical constraints, however, complicate the translation of these endpoints naively into classical architectures.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-05 Li Yao , Eric Poblenz , Dmitry Dagunts , Ben Covington , Devon Bernard , Kevin Lyman

Traditional methods of identifying pathologies in X-ray images rely heavily on skilled human interpretation and are often time-consuming. The advent of deep learning techniques has enabled the development of automated disease diagnosis…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-02 Dipkamal Bhusal , Sanjeeb Prasad Panday

Multi-label image recognition is a task that predicts a set of object labels in an image. As the objects co-occur in the physical world, it is desirable to model label dependencies. Previous existing methods resort to either recurrent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Qing Li , Xiaojiang Peng , Yu Qiao , Qiang Peng

Chest radiography is one of the most common types of diagnostic radiology exams, which is critical for screening and diagnosis of many different thoracic diseases. Specialized algorithms have been developed to detect several specific…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-15 Hieu H. Pham , Tung T. Le , Dat Q. Tran , Dat T. Ngo , Ha Q. Nguyen

The chest X-rays (CXRs) is one of the views most commonly ordered by radiologists (NHS),which is critical for diagnosis of many different thoracic diseases. Accurately detecting thepresence of multiple diseases from CXRs is still a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Hieu H. Pham , Tung T. Le , Dat T. Ngo , Dat Q. Tran , Ha Q. Nguyen

Chest X-ray scan is a most often used modality by radiologists to diagnose many chest related diseases in their initial stages. The proposed system aids the radiologists in making decision about the diseases found in the scans more…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-07 Ahmed Rasheed , Muhammad Shahzad Younis , Muhammad Bilal , Maha Rasheed

Modern deep learning-based clinical imaging workflows rely on accurate labels of the examined anatomical region. Knowing the anatomical region is required to select applicable downstream models and to effectively generate cohorts of high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Simon Langer , Jessica Ritter , Rickmer Braren , Daniel Rueckert , Paul Hager

We study multilabel classification of chest X-rays and present a simple, strong pipeline built on SE-ResNeXt101 $(32 \times 4d)$. The backbone is finetuned for 14 thoracic findings with a sigmoid head, trained using Multilabel Iterative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Utkarsh Prakash Srivastava , Kaushik Gupta , Kaushik Nath

Reliable uncertainty quantification is crucial for trustworthy decision-making and the deployment of AI models in medical imaging. While prior work has explored the ability of neural networks to quantify predictive, epistemic, and aleatoric…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-07 Simon Baur , Wojciech Samek , Jackie Ma

Disease diagnosis on chest X-ray images is a challenging multi-label classification task. Previous works generally classify the diseases independently on the input image without considering any correlation among diseases. However, such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Daizong Liu , Shuangjie Xu , Pan Zhou , Kun He , Wei Wei , Zichuan Xu

According to the considerable growth in the avail of chest X-ray images in diagnosing various diseases, as well as gathering extensive datasets, having an automated diagnosis procedure using deep neural networks has occupied the minds of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Sina Taslimi , Soroush Taslimi , Nima Fathi , Mohammadreza Salehi , Mohammad Hossein Rohban

Automated diagnostic assistants in healthcare necessitate accurate AI models that can be trained with limited labeled data, can cope with severe class imbalances and can support simultaneous prediction of multiple disease conditions. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Deepta Rajan , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan , Alexandros Karargyris , Satyananda Kashyap

In this work, we present an end-to-end deep learning framework for X-ray image diagnosis. As the first step, our system determines whether a submitted image is an X-ray or not. After it classifies the type of the X-ray, it runs the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-20 Kudaibergen Urinbayev , Yerassyl Orazbek , Yernur Nurambek , Almas Mirzakhmetov , Huseyin Atakan Varol

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The multiple chest x-ray datasets released in the last years have ground-truth labels intended for different computer vision tasks, suggesting that performance in automated chest-xray interpretation might improve…

Large, labeled datasets have driven deep learning methods to achieve expert-level performance on a variety of medical imaging tasks. We present CheXpert, a large dataset that contains 224,316 chest radiographs of 65,240 patients. We design…