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A quantum cellular automaton (QCA) is an abstract model consisting of an array of finite-dimensional quantum systems that evolves in discrete time by local unitary operations. Here we propose a simple coarse-graining map, where the spatial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-03 Pedro C. S. Costa

A simple relation of the order of $n$ abstract objects generates an $n-2$ dimensional basis of three dimensional vectors. A cellular automaton-like model of evolution of this system is postulated. During this evolution, some quantities…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2017-08-14 Marek Pietrow

Cellular Automaton (CA) and an Integral Value Transformation (IVT) are two well established mathematical models which evolve in discrete time steps. Theoretically, studies on CA suggest that CA is capable of producing a great variety of…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2020-07-01 Sreeya Ghosh , Sudhakar Sahoo , Sk. Sarif Hassan , Jayanta Kumar Das , Pabitra Pal Choudhury

We investigate cellular automata where some global quantity varies periodically or quasiperiodically with time. We find that these systems are highly predictable, and can be rather well described by a set of mean-field variables. We…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-22 Jan Hemmingsson , Hans J. Herrmann

Cellular Automata (CA) are discrete dynamical systems and an abstract model of parallel computation. The limit set of a cellular automaton is its maximal topological attractor. A well know result, due to Kari, says that all nontrivial…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2009-02-10 Pietro Di Lena , Luciano Margara

Cellular automata are a set of computational models in discrete space that have a discrete time evolution defined by neighbourhood rules. They are used to simulate many complex systems in physics and science in general. In this work,…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2023-05-12 Luca Bertolani , Andrea Idini

Failure to find homogeneous scalar unitary cellular automata (CA) in one dimension led to consideration of only ``approximately unitary'' CA---which motivated our recent proof of a No-go Lemma in one dimension. In this note we extend the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 David A. Meyer

Topological dynamics of cellular automata (CA), inherited from classical dynamical systems theory, has been essentially studied in dimension 1. This paper focuses on 2D CA and aims at showing that the situation is different and more…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-04-29 Mathieu Sablik , Guillaume Theyssier

Cellular automata (CAs) are fully-discrete dynamical models that have received much attention due to the fact that their relatively simple setup can nonetheless express highly complex phenomena. Despite the model's theoretical maturity and…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2025-07-10 Michiel Rollier , Kallil M. C. Zielinski , Aisling J. Daly , Odemir M. Bruno , Jan M. Baetens

We exhibit a Probabilistic Cellular Automaton (PCA) on the integers with an alphabet and a neighborhood of size 2 which is non-ergodic although it has a unique invariant measure. This answers by the negative an old open question on whether…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-07-11 Philippe Chassaing , Jean Mairesse

Over an arbitrary commutative ring $R$, we develop a theory of quantum cellular automata. We then use algebraic K-theory to construct a space $\mathbf{Q}(X)$ of quantum cellular automata (QCA) on a given metric space $X$. In most cases of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Mattie Ji , Bowen Yang

A novel two-state, Reversible Cellular Automata (RCA) is described. This three-dimensional RCA is shown to be capable of universal computation. Additionally, evidence is offered that this RCA Is capable of universal construction.

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniel B. Miller , Edward Fredkin

We systematically study the boundaries of one-dimensional, 2-color cellular automata depending on 4 cells, begun from simple initial conditions. We determine the exact growth rates of the boundaries that appear to be reducible. Morphic…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2015-03-13 Charles D. Brummitt , Eric Rowland

We show that a cellular automaton (or shift-endomorphism) on a transitive subshift is either almost equicontinuous or sensitive. On the other hand, we construct a cellular automaton on a full-shift (hence a transitive subshift) that is…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Luguis de los Santos Baños , Felipe García-Ramos

Metric mean dimension is a geometric invariant of dynamical systems with infinite topological entropy. We relate this concept with the fractal structure of the phase space and the H\"older regularity of the map. Afterwards we improve our…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-05-29 Alexandre Baraviera , Maria Carvalho , Gustavo Pessil

In this work we provide analytic results of infinite one-dimensional cellular automaton(CA). By realizing symbolic products, we investigate a subclass of infinite CA and prove analytically that within this subclass the only allowed…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2009-11-07 Ru-Fen Liu , Chia-Chu Chen

Any algorithm (in the sense of Gurevich's abstract-state-machine axiomatization of classical algorithms) operating over any arbitrary unordered domain can be simulated by a dynamic cellular automaton, that is, by a pattern-directed cellular…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-04-14 Nachum Dershowitz , Evgenia Falkovich

Quantum cellular automata (QCAs) are automorphisms of tensor product algebras that preserve locality, with local quantum circuits as a simple example. We study approximate QCAs, where the locality condition is only satisfied up to a small…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Daniel Ranard , Michael Walter , Freek Witteveen

Cellular automata (CAs) are dynamical systems which exhibit complex global behavior from simple local interaction and computation. Since the inception of cellular automaton (CA) by von Neumann in 1950s, it has attracted the attention of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Kamalika Bhattacharjee , Nazma Naskar , Souvik Roy , Sukanta Das

Cellular automata (CA) are discrete-time dynamical systems with local update rules on a lattice. Despite their elementary definition, CA support a wide spectrum of macroscopic phenomena central to statistical physics: equilibrium and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-31 Mihir Metkar , Neha Sah , Yichen Zhou