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The LIGO and Virgo gravitational-wave observatories have detected many exciting events over the past five years. As the rate of detections grows with detector sensitivity, this poses a growing computational challenge for data analysis. With…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-11 Stephen R. Green , Jonathan Gair

In the general theory of relativity, gravitational waves have two possible polarizations, which are transverse and traceless with helicity $\pm 2$. Some alternatives theories contain additional helicity $0$ and helicity $\pm 1$ polarization…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-03-25 Bruce Allen

Significant progress has been made in recent years on the development of gravitational wave detectors. Sources such as coalescing compact binary systems, neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binaries, stellar collapses and pulsars are all…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Matthew Pitkin , Stuart Reid , Sheila Rowan , Jim Hough

In this study, we investigate the polarization properties of gravitational waves within a torsionless spacetime framework, as described by the Palatini formalism. Our analysis uncovers the presence of two novel polarization modes, referred…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-06 Yu-Qi Dong , Xiao-Bin Lai , Yu-Zhi Fan , Yu-Xiao Liu

The detection of gravitational waves by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory opens a new era to use gravitational waves to test alternative theories of gravity. We investigate the polarizations of gravitational waves in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-04-02 Yungui Gong , Shaoqi Hou

In this paper, we establish a unified parameterized framework for analyzing the polarization modes of gravitational waves in the general metric theory (gravity is only described by the metric) and the general scalar-tensor theory (gravity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-21 Yu-Qi Dong , Yu-Qiang Liu , Yu-Xiao Liu

We review the formalism underlying the modeling of gravitational wave (GW) polarizations, and the coordinate frames used to define them. In the process, we clarify the notion of "polarization angle" and identify three conceptually distinct…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-28 Maximiliano Isi

We present an analysis of gravitational wave polarization modes within Gravitational Quantum Field Theory (GQFT), a unified theoretical framework reconciling general relativity and quantum field theory. In the six fundamental polarization:…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-20 Cong Xu , Hong-Bo Jin , Yue-Liang Wu

Many studies have been carried out in the literature to evaluate the number of polarization modes of gravitational waves in modified theories, in particular in $f(R)$ theories. In the latter ones, besides the usual two transverse-traceless…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-26 H. Rizwana Kausar , Lionel Philippoz , Philippe Jetzer

A fast and general Bayesian inference framework to infer the physical properties of dichroic polarization using mid-infrared imaging- and spectro-polarimetric observations is presented. The Bayesian approach is based on a hierarchical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-02 E. Lopez-Rodriguez

We study the polarization modes of gravitational waves in general Einstein-vector theory with an arbitrary constant background vector field under a Minkowski background. We compare these polarization modes with those of other vector-tensor…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-06 Xiao-Bin Lai , Yu-Qi Dong , Yu-Qiang Liu , Yu-Xiao Liu

The observation of the inspiral and merger of compact binaries by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration has allowed for new tests of Einstein's theory in the extreme gravity regime, where gravitational interactions are simultaneously strong,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-11 Pratik Wagle , Alexander Saffer , Nicolas Yunes

General relativity can be tested by comparing the binary-inspiral signals found in LIGO--Virgo data against waveform models that are augmented with artificial degrees of freedom. This approach suffers from a number of logical and practical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-17 Alvin J. K. Chua , Michele Vallisneri

We propose a hierarchical approach to testing general relativity with multiple gravitational wave detections. Unlike existing strategies, our method does not assume that parameters quantifying deviations from general relativity are either…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-09-25 Maximiliano Isi , Katerina Chatziioannou , Will M. Farr

Ground-based gravitational wave laser interferometers (LIGO, GEO-600, Virgo and Tama-300) have now reached high sensitivity and duty cycle. We present a Bayesian evidence-based approach to the search for gravitational waves, in particular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 John Veitch , Alberto Vecchio

The recent announcement of strong evidence for a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) by various pulsar timing array collaborations has highlighted this signal as a promising candidate for future observations. Despite its…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-11 Leo Tsukada

Extended Theories of Gravity are considered as a new approach for solving the infrared and ultraviolet scale problems of the Standard Theory of Gravity (General Relativity). Observational evidence of gravitational waves and subsequent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-16 Sourav Roy Chowdhury , Maxim Khlopov

We build an analytical framework to study the observability of anisotropies and a net chiral polarization of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) with a generic network of ground-based detectors. We apply this formalism to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-14 Giorgio Mentasti , Carlo Contaldi , Marco Peloso

Extensions to General Relativity (GR) allow the polarization of gravitational waves (GW) from astrophysical sources to suffer from amplitude and velocity birefringence, which respectively induce changes in the ellipticity and orientation of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-09 Macarena Lagos , Leah Jenks , Maximiliano Isi , Kenta Hotokezaka , Brian D. Metzger , Eric Burns , Will M. Farr , Scott Perkins , Kaze W. K. Wong , Nicolas Yunes

When testing general relativity (GR) with gravitational wave observations, parametrized tests of deviations from the expected strong-field source dynamics are one of the most widely used techniques. We present an updated version of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-12 Soumen Roy , Maria Haney , Geraint Pratten , Peter T. H. Pang , Chris Van Den Broeck