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In a Bell experiment, it is natural to seek a causal account of correlations wherein only a common cause acts on the outcomes. For this causal structure, Bell inequality violations can be explained only if causal dependencies are modelled…

This paper is aimed to dissociate nonlocality from quantum theory. We demonstrate that the tests on violation of the Bell type inequalities are simply statistical tests of local incompatibility of observables. In fact, these are tests on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-01 Andrei Khrennikov

Quantum entanglement and nonlocality are foundational to quantum technologies, driving quantum computation, communication, and cryptography innovations. To benchmark the capabilities of these quantum techniques, efficient detection and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-03 Zhuo Chen , Fei Shi , Qi Zhao

Bell nonlocality between distant quantum systems---i.e., joint correlations which violate a Bell inequality---can be verified without trusting the measurement devices used, nor those performing the measurements. This leads to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-16 Sacha Kocsis , Michael J. W. Hall , Adam J. Bennet , Dylan J. Saunders , G. J. Pryde

Bell nonlocality plays a fundamental role in quantum theory. Numerous tests of the Bell inequality have been reported since the ground-breaking discovery of the Bell theorem.Up to now, however, most discussions of the Bell scenario have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-08 Meng-Jun Hu , Zhi-Yuan Zhou , Xiao-Min Hu , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo , Yong-Sheng Zhang

According to Bell's theorem, any model based on local variables cannot reproduce certain quantum correlations. A critical question is whether one could devise an alternative framework, based on nonlocal variables, to reproduce quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-07 Jianqi Sheng , Dongkai Zhang , Lixiang Chen

The nonlocality of certain quantum states can be revealed by using local filters before performing a standard Bell test. This phenomenon, known as hidden nonlocality, has been so far demonstrated only for a restricted class of measurements,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-23 Flavien Hirsch , Marco Túlio Quintino , Joseph Bowles , Nicolas Brunner

Bell nonlocality -- the existence of quantum correlations that cannot be explained by classical means -- is certainly one of the most striking features of quantum mechanics. Its range of applications in device-independent protocols is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-06 Rafael Santos , Debashis Saha , Flavio Baccari , Remigiusz Augusiak

As first shown by Popescu [S. Popescu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 2619 (1995)], some quantum states only reveal their nonlocality when subjected to a sequence of measurements while giving rise to local correlations in standard Bell tests.…

A problem in quantum information theory is to find the experimental setup that maximizes the nonlocality of correlations with respect to some suitable measure such as the violation of Bell inequalities. The latter has however some…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-30 Sacha Schwarz , Andre Stefanov , Stefan Wolf , Alberto Montina

Analyzing shareability of correlations arising in any physical theory may be considered as a fruitful technique of studying the theory. Our present topic of discussion involves an analogous approach of studying quantum theory. For our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-04 Kaushiki Mukherjee , Biswajit Paul , Debasis Sarkar

Based on the optimal quantum violation of suitable Bell's inequality, the device-independent self-testing of state and observables has been reported. It is well-studied that locally commuting or compatible observables cannot be used to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-09 Sneha Munshi , A. K. Pan

Nonlocal correlations created in networks with multiple independent sources enable surprising phenomena in quantum information and quantum foundations. The presence of independent sources, however, makes the analysis of network nonlocality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 José Mário da Silva , Alejandro Pozas-Kerstjens , Fernando Parisio

Self-testing protocols enable certification of quantum devices without demanding full knowledge about their inner workings. A typical approach in designing such protocols is based on observing nonlocal correlations which exhibit maximum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-31 Ashutosh Rai , Matej Pivoluska , Souradeep Sasmal , Manik Banik , Sibasish Ghosh , Martin Plesch

Non-classical correlations arising in complex quantum networks are attracting growing interest, both from a fundamental perspective and for potential applications in information processing. In particular, in an entanglement swapping…

The presence of Bell-nonlocality in the correlations arising from measuring spatially-separated systems guarantees that the sets of measurements used are necessarily incompatible. Not all sets of incompatible measurements can however lead…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-21 Andrés F. Ducuara , Patryk Lipka-Bartosik , Cristian E. Susa , Paul Skrzypczyk

Entanglement swapping is a process by which two initially independent quantum systems can become entangled and generate nonlocal correlations. To characterize such correlations, we compare them to those predicted by bilocal models, where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-23 Cyril Branciard , Denis Rosset , Nicolas Gisin , Stefano Pironio

Nonlocal game as a novel witness of the nonlocality of entanglement is of fundamental importance in various fields. The known nonlocal games or equivalent linear Bell inequalities are only useful for Bell networks of single entanglement.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-10 Ming-Xing Luo

Bell's theorem basically states that local hidden variable theory cannot predict the correlations produced by quantum mechanics. It is based on the assumption that Alice and Bob can choose measurements from a measurement set containing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-22 Yang D. Li

The assumption of source independence was used to reveal nonlocal (apart from standard Bell-CHSH scenario) nature of correlations generated in entanglement swapping experiments. In this work, we have derived a set of sufficient criteria,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-12 Kaushiki Mukherjee , Biswajit Paul , Debasis Sarkar