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In this paper, we discuss various connections between the smallest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of a graph and its structure. There are several techniques for obtaining upper bounds on the smallest eigenvalue, and some of them are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-10 Sebastian M. Cioabă , Randall J. Elzinga , David A. Gregory

We introduce a hypergraph matrix, named the unified matrix, and use it to represent the hypergraph as a graph. We show that the unified matrix of a hypergraph is identical to the adjacency matrix of the associated graph. This enables us to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-12 R. Vishnupriya , R. Rajkumar

We show various upper bounds for the order of a digraph (or a mixed graph) whose Hermitian adjacency matrix has an eigenspace of prescribed codimension. In particular, this generalizes the so-called absolute bound for (simple) graphs first…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-05 Alexander L. Gavrilyuk , Sho Suda

Graph Neural Networks have become the preferred tool to process graph data, with their efficacy being boosted through graph data augmentation techniques. Despite the evolution of augmentation methods, issues like graph property distortions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Yutong Xia , Runpeng Yu , Yuxuan Liang , Xavier Bresson , Xinchao Wang , Roger Zimmermann

We establish new bounds on the minimum number of distinct eigenvalues among real symmetric matrices with nonzero off-diagonal pattern described by the edges of a graph and apply these to determine the minimum number of distinct eigenvalues…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-19 Beth Bjorkman , Leslie Hogben , Scarlitte Ponce , Carolyn Reinhart , Theodore Tranel

We improve recent results relating graph eigenvalues to other graph parameters like girth, domination number, and minimum degree.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov

We use two variational techniques to prove upper bounds for sums of the lowest several eigenvalues of matrices associated with finite, simple, combinatorial graphs. These include estimates for the adjacency matrix of a graph and for both…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2013-08-27 Evans M. Harell , Joachim Stubbe

A unified framework for the Expander Mixing Lemma for irregular graphs using adjacency eigenvalues is presented, as well as two new versions of it. While the existing Expander Mixing Lemmas for irregular graphs make use of the notion of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-17 Aida Abiad , Sjanne Zeijlemaker

Let $ \Phi=(G, \varphi) $ be a connected complex unit gain graph ($ \mathbb{T} $-gain graph) on a simple graph $ G $ with $ n $ vertices and maximum vertex degree $ \Delta $. The associated adjacency matrix and degree matrix are denoted by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-12 Aniruddha Samanta , M. Rajesh Kannan

A complex unit gain graph ($ \mathbb{T} $-gain graph), $ \Phi=(G, \varphi) $ is a graph where the gain function $ \varphi $ assigns a unit complex number to each orientation of an edge of $ G $ and its inverse is assigned to the opposite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-29 Aniruddha Samanta , M. Rajesh Kannan

We obtain a bound on the girth g of a quaternion unit gain graph in terms of the rank r of its adjacency matrix. In particular, we show that g <= r + 2 and characterize all quaternion unit gain graphs for which g = r+2. This extends…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-02 Suliman Khan , Edwin R. van Dam

We put into evidence graphs with adjacency operator whose singular subspace is prescribed by the kernel of an auxiliary operator. In particular, for a family of graphs called admissible, the singular continuous spectrum is absent and there…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 M. Mantoiu , S. Richard , R. Tiedra de Aldecoa

Large graphs can be found in a wide array of scientific fields ranging from sociology and biology to scientometrics and computer science. Their analysis is by no means a trivial task due to their sheer size and complex structure. Such…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-02-24 Georgios Drakopoulos , Stavros Kontopoulos , Christos Makris , Vasileios Megalooikonomou

In this paper, we introduce a matrix for a mixed graph, called the integrated adjacency matrix. This matrix uniquely determines a mixed graph, as long as the indices of the matrix are specified. Additionally, we associate an (undirected)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-27 G. Kalaivani , R. Rajkumar

This contribution gives an extensive study on spectra of mixed graphs via its Hermitian adjacency matrix of the second kind { ($N$-matrix for short)} introduced by Mohar \cite{0001}. This matrix is indexed by the vertices of the mixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-06 Shuchao Li , Yuantian Yu

An important facet of the inverse eigenvalue problem for graphs is to determine the minimum number of distinct eigenvalues of a particular graph. We resolve this question for the join of a connected graph with a path. We then focus on…

Harary and Schwenk posed the problem forty years ago: Which graphs have distinct adjacency eigenvalues? In this paper, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for an Hermitian matrix with simple spectral radius and distinct…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-26 Xueliang Li , Jianfeng Wang , Qiongxiang Huang

We discuss the problem of extending data mining approaches to cases in which data points arise in the form of individual graphs. Being able to find the intrinsic low-dimensionality in ensembles of graphs can be useful in a variety of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-06-18 Karthikeyan Rajendran , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

The eccentricity matrix of a simple connected graph is obtained from the distance matrix by only keeping the largest distances for each row and each column, whereas the remaining entries become zero. This matrix is also called the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-12 Xinghui Zhao , Lihua You

We give constructive proofs for the existence of uniquely hamiltonian graphs for various sets of degrees. We give constructions for all sets with minimum 2 (a trivial case added for completeness), all sets with minimum 3 that contain an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-04 Gunnar Brinkmann , Matthias De Pauw