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While social media offer great communication opportunities, they also increase the vulnerability of young people to threatening situations online. Recent studies report that cyberbullying constitutes a growing problem among youngsters.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Cynthia Van Hee , Gilles Jacobs , Chris Emmery , Bart Desmet , Els Lefever , Ben Verhoeven , Guy De Pauw , Walter Daelemans , Véronique Hoste

The distribution of fake news is not a new but a rapidly growing problem. The shift to news consumption via social media has been one of the drivers for the spread of misleading and deliberately wrong information, as in addition to it of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Philipp Hartl , Udo Kruschwitz

Online media aim for reaching ever bigger audience and for attracting ever longer attention span. This competition creates an environment that rewards sensational, fake, and toxic news. To help limit their spread and impact, we propose and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Yoan Dinkov , Ivan Koychev , Preslav Nakov

It is well known that textual data on the internet and other digital platforms contain significant levels of bias and stereotypes. Although many such texts contain stereotypes and biases that inherently exist in natural language for reasons…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Ewoenam Kwaku Tokpo , Toon Calders

This paper presents an automatic method to evaluate the naturalness of natural language generation in dialogue systems. While this task was previously rendered through expensive and time-consuming human labor, we present this novel task of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Ye Liu , Wolfgang Maier , Wolfgang Minker , Stefan Ultes

Text simplification is a common task where the text is adapted to make it easier to understand. Similarly, text elaboration can make a passage more sophisticated, offering a method to control the complexity of reading comprehension tests.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Asma Farajidizaji , Vatsal Raina , Mark Gales

Keyphrase selection plays a pivotal role within the domain of scholarly texts, facilitating efficient information retrieval, summarization, and indexing. In this work, we explored how to apply fine-tuned generative transformer-based models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Anna Glazkova , Dmitry Morozov

Since BERT appeared, Transformer language models and transfer learning have become state-of-the-art for Natural Language Understanding tasks. Recently, some works geared towards pre-training specially-crafted models for particular domains,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Juan Manuel Pérez , Damián A. Furman , Laura Alonso Alemany , Franco Luque

Knowledge-Editing-based (KE-based) detoxification has emerged as a promising approach for mitigating harmful behaviours in Large Language Models. Existing evaluations, however, largely rely on automatic toxicity classifiers, implicitly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Ming Dong , Shiyi Tang , Ziyan Peng , Guanyi Chen , Tingting He

To reduce the toxic degeneration in a pretrained Language Model (LM), previous work on Language Model detoxification has focused on reducing the toxicity of the generation itself (self-toxicity) without consideration of the context. As a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Jing Qian , Xifeng Yan

The training of large language models (LLMs) on extensive, unfiltered corpora sourced from the internet is a common and advantageous practice. Consequently, LLMs have learned and inadvertently reproduced various types of biases, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Ambri Ma , Arnav Kumar , Brett Zeligson

Large language models (LLMs) excel in many diverse applications beyond language generation, e.g., translation, summarization, and sentiment analysis. One intriguing application is in text classification. This becomes pertinent in the realm…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Tharindu Kumarage , Amrita Bhattacharjee , Joshua Garland

The quality of natural language texts in fine-tuning datasets plays a critical role in the performance of generative models, particularly in computational creativity tasks such as poem or song lyric generation. Fluency defects in generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Ilya Koziev

Adversarial purification is a defense mechanism for safeguarding classifiers against adversarial attacks without knowing the type of attacks or training of the classifier. These techniques characterize and eliminate adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Raha Moraffah , Shubh Khandelwal , Amrita Bhattacharjee , Huan Liu

Language models (LMs) must be both safe and equitable to be responsibly deployed in practice. With safety in mind, numerous detoxification techniques (e.g., Dathathri et al. 2020; Krause et al. 2020) have been proposed to mitigate toxic LM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Albert Xu , Eshaan Pathak , Eric Wallace , Suchin Gururangan , Maarten Sap , Dan Klein

The rise of emergence of social media platforms has fundamentally altered how people communicate, and among the results of these developments is an increase in online use of abusive content. Therefore, automatically detecting this content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Khouloud Mnassri , Praboda Rajapaksha , Reza Farahbakhsh , Noel Crespi

Contrastive explanations for understanding the behavior of black box models has gained a lot of attention recently as they provide potential for recourse. In this paper, we propose a method Contrastive Attributed explanations for Text (CAT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Saneem Chemmengath , Amar Prakash Azad , Ronny Luss , Amit Dhurandhar

With the increasing growth of social media, people have started relying heavily on the information shared therein to form opinions and make decisions. While such a reliance is motivation for a variety of parties to promote information, it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Rahul Radhakrishnan Iyer , Katia Sycara

The study of the applicability of the BERTScore metric was conducted to translation quality assessment at the sentence level for English -> Russian direction. Experiments were performed with a pre-trained Multilingual BERT as well as with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-01 A. A. Vetrov , E. A. Gorn

Offensive language is pervasive in social media. Individuals frequently take advantage of the perceived anonymity of computer-mediated communication, using this to engage in behavior that many of them would not consider in real life. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Nikhil Oswal