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How nations shape the scientific frontier matters for technological competition, but standard metrics, including publication counts, citations, and disruption indices, look backward and fail to distinguish between fundamentally different…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jeffrey W. Lockhart , Jamshid Sourati , Feng Shi , James Evans

The concept of quantum computing has inspired a whole new generation of scientists, including physicists, engineers, and computer scientists, to fundamentally change the landscape of information technology. With experimental demonstrations…

Quantum computing is changing the way we think about computing. Significant strides in research and development for managing and harnessing the power of quantum systems has been made in recent years, demonstrating the potential for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-15 Suryansh Upadhyay , Mahabubul Alam , Swaroop Ghosh

Quantum technologies (QT) promise to change the landscape of technologies disruptively in diverse industries. For this reason, many nations around the globe are investing to emerge within the global quantum ecosystem through initiating…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-05-23 AbdulMalek Baitulmal , Nadia Adem

In this paper we compare the numbers of new top 2% researchers from China and USA annually since 1980. We find that the log ratio of the numbers decreases almost linearly over time. As early as 2009, the total number of new top 2%…

Applications · Statistics 2021-11-19 Lei Liu , Song Yao , Kevin Liu

Physics is living an era of unprecedented cross-fertilization among the different areas of science. In this perspective review, we discuss the manifold impact that ultracold-atom quantum technologies can have in fundamental and applied…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-13 Jorge Yago Malo , Luca Lepori , Laura Gentini , Maria Luisa Chiofalo

Quantum state discrimination underlies various applications in quantum information processing tasks. It essentially describes the distinguishability of quantum systems in different states, and the general process of extracting classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-12 Joonwoo Bae , Leong-Chuan Kwek

In the last 25 years a new understanding has evolved of the role of information in quantum mechanics. At the same time there has been tremendous progress in atomic/optical physics and condensed matter physics, and particularly at the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-26 S. M. Girvin

Quantum technology is full of figurative and literal noise obscuring its promise. In this overview, we will attempt to provide a sober assessment of the promise of quantum technology with a focus on computing. We provide a tour of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-08 James D. Whitfield , Jun Yang , Weishi Wang , Joshuah T. Heath , Brent Harrison

The transition of second-generation quantum technologies from a research topic to a topic of industrial relevance has led to a growing number of quantum companies and companies that are exploring quantum technologies. Examples would include…

The great promise of quantum computers comes with the dual challenges of building them and finding their useful applications. We argue that these two challenges should be considered together, by co-designing full-stack quantum computer…

In the century following its discovery, applications for quantum physics are opening a new world of technological possibilities. With the current decade witnessing quantum supremacy, quantum technologies are already starting to change the…

Uniquely among the sciences, quantum cryptography has driven both foundational research as well as practical real-life applications. We review the progress of quantum cryptography in the last decade, covering quantum key distribution and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-10 Akshata Shenoy H. , Anirban Pathak , R. Srikanth

The second quantum revolution is all about exploiting the quantum nature of atoms and molecules to execute quantum information processing tasks. To support this growing endeavor and by anticipating the key role of quantum chemistry therein,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Lexin Ding , Stefan Knecht , Zoltán Zimborás , Christian Schilling

Quantum information processing has conceptually changed the way we process and transmit information. Quantum physics, which explains the strange behaviour of matter at the microscopic dimensions, has matured into a quantum technology that…

Semiconductors, a significant type of material in the information era, are becoming more and more powerful in the field of quantum information. In the last decades, semiconductor quantum computation was investigated thoroughly across the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-03-04 Xin Zhang , Hai-Ou Li , Gang Cao , Ming Xiao , Guang-Can Guo , Guo-Ping Guo

The last two decades have seen an explosive growth in the theory and practice of both quantum computing and machine learning. Modern machine learning systems process huge volumes of data and demand massive computational power. As silicon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-23 Viraj Kulkarni , Milind Kulkarni , Aniruddha Pant

In celebration of the 2025 International Year of Quantum Science and Technology, this article highlights the pioneering achievements and ongoing innovations in quantum error correction and quantum error mitigation by Canadian institutions,…

In this study, we investigated the academic literature on quantum technologies (QT) using bibliometric tools. We used a set of 49,823 articles obtained from the Web of Science (WoS) database using a search query constructed through expert…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Zeki C. Seskir , Arsev U. Aydinoglu

Some 50~years ago, physicists, and after them the entire world, started to found their time reference on atomic properties instead of motions of the Earth that have been in use since the origin. Far from being an arrival point, this…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2019-10-29 S. Bize