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Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) is one of the most popular architectures used in Natural Language Processsing (NLP) tasks because its recurrent structure is very suitable to process variable-length text. RNN can utilize distributed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-22 Peng Zhou , Zhenyu Qi , Suncong Zheng , Jiaming Xu , Hongyun Bao , Bo Xu

This paper proposes a method to modify traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) into interpretable CNNs, in order to clarify knowledge representations in high conv-layers of CNNs. In an interpretable CNN, each filter in a high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-15 Quanshi Zhang , Ying Nian Wu , Song-Chun Zhu

Model interpretability is a requirement in many applications in which crucial decisions are made by users relying on a model's outputs. The recent movement for "algorithmic fairness" also stipulates explainability, and therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Xuan Liu , Xiaoguang Wang , Stan Matwin

The question we answer with this work is: can we convert a text document into an image to exploit best image classification models to classify documents? To answer this question we present a novel text classification method which converts a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Shah Nawaz , Alessandro Calefati , Muhammad Kamran Janjua , Ignazio Gallo

Neural network models have achieved state-of-the-art performances in a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, a long-standing criticism against neural network models is the lack of interpretability, which not only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Xiaofei Sun , Diyi Yang , Xiaoya Li , Tianwei Zhang , Yuxian Meng , Han Qiu , Guoyin Wang , Eduard Hovy , Jiwei Li

Convolutional neural network (CNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN) are two popular architectures used in text classification. Traditional methods to combine the strengths of the two networks rely on streamlining them or concatenating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Shengfei Lyu , Jiaqi Liu

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are a representative class of deep learning algorithms including convolutional computation that perform translation-invariant classification of input data based on their hierarchical architecture.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Zihao Guo , Yueying Cao

Interpreting the decision logic behind effective deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) on images complements the success of deep learning models. However, the existing methods can only interpret some specific decision logic on individual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Peter Cho-Ho Lam , Lingyang Chu , Maxim Torgonskiy , Jian Pei , Yong Zhang , Lanjun Wang

The success of recent deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) depends on learning hidden representations that can summarize the important factors of variation behind the data. However, CNNs often criticized as being black boxes that lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Bolei Zhou , David Bau , Aude Oliva , Antonio Torralba

TextCNN, the convolutional neural network for text, is a useful deep learning algorithm for sentence classification tasks such as sentiment analysis and question classification. However, neural networks have long been known as black boxes…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-01-22 Linyuan Gong , Ruyi Ji

Convolutional neural networks have been successfully applied to various NLP tasks. However, it is not obvious whether they model different linguistic patterns such as negation, intensification, and clause compositionality to help the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Mahnaz Koupaee , William Yang Wang

Research has shown that Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) can be effectively applied to text classification as part of a predictive coding protocol. That said, most research to date has been conducted on data sets with short documents…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Robert Keeling , Rishi Chhatwal , Nathaniel Huber-Fliflet , Jianping Zhang , Fusheng Wei , Haozhen Zhao , Shi Ye , Han Qin

Time, cost, and energy efficiency are critical considerations in Deep-Learning (DL), particularly when processing long texts. Transformers, which represent the current state of the art, exhibit quadratic computational complexity relative to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Fardin Rastakhiz

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been successfully used in a range of tasks. However, CNNs are often viewed as "black-box" and lack of interpretability. One main reason is due to the filter-class entanglement -- an intricate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Haoyu Liang , Zhihao Ouyang , Yuyuan Zeng , Hang Su , Zihao He , Shu-Tao Xia , Jun Zhu , Bo Zhang

While deep learning methods are increasingly being applied to tasks such as computer-aided diagnosis, these models are difficult to interpret, do not incorporate prior domain knowledge, and are often considered as a "black-box." The lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Shiwen Shen , Simon X. Han , Denise R. Aberle , Alex A. T. Bui , Willliam Hsu

Self Normalizing Neural Networks(SNN) proposed on Feed Forward Neural Networks(FNN) outperform regular FNN architectures in various machine learning tasks. Particularly in the domain of Computer Vision, the activation function Scaled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Avinash Madasu , Vijjini Anvesh Rao

The reasonable definition of semantic interpretability presents the core challenge in explainable AI. This paper proposes a method to modify a traditional convolutional neural network (CNN) into an interpretable compositional CNN, in order…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Wen Shen , Zhihua Wei , Shikun Huang , Binbin Zhang , Jiaqi Fan , Ping Zhao , Quanshi Zhang

Deep learning (DL) has gained popularity in recent years as an effective tool for classifying the current health and predicting the future of industrial equipment. However, most DL models have black-box components with an underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Hao Lu , Austin M. Bray , Chao Hu , Andrew T. Zimmerman , Hongyi Xu

Interpretability of deep neural networks (DNNs) is essential since it enables users to understand the overall strengths and weaknesses of the models, conveys an understanding of how the models will behave in the future, and how to diagnose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-31 Yinpeng Dong , Hang Su , Jun Zhu , Bo Zhang

Because large, human-annotated datasets suffer from labeling errors, it is crucial to be able to train deep neural networks in the presence of label noise. While training image classification models with label noise have received much…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Ishan Jindal , Daniel Pressel , Brian Lester , Matthew Nokleby