Related papers: Quantitative and Approximate Monitoring
Definition of a quantum corridor describing monitoring a quantum observable in the framework of the phenomenological restricted-path-integral (RPI) approach is generalized for the case of a finite resolution of time. The resulting evolution…
A quantum trajectory describes the evolution of a quantum system undergoing indirect measurement. In the discrete-time setting, the state of the system is updated by applying Kraus operators according to the measurement results. From an…
Many important cryptographic primitives offer probabilistic guarantees of security that can be specified as quantitative hyperproperties; these are specifications that stipulate the existence of a certain number of traces in the system…
In this paper, we focus on the problem of dynamically analysing concurrent software against high-level temporal specifications. Existing techniques for runtime monitoring against such specifications are primarily designed for sequential…
Machine-learned systems are in widespread use for making decisions about humans, and it is important that they are fair, i.e., not biased against individuals based on sensitive attributes. We present runtime verification of algorithmic…
Trusting software systems, particularly autonomous ones, is challenging. To address this, formal verification techniques can ensure these systems behave as expected. Runtime Verification (RV) is a leading, lightweight method for verifying…
Quantum physics holds the promise of enabling certain tasks with better performance than possible when only classical resources are employed. The quantum phenomena present in many experiments signify nonclassical behavior, but do not always…
With the increasing use of neural networks in critical systems, runtime monitoring becomes essential to reject unsafe predictions during inference. Various techniques have emerged to establish rejection scores that maximize the separability…
Runtime verification is an effective automated method for specification-based offline testing and analysis as well as online monitoring of complex systems. The specification language is often a variant of regular expressions or a popular…
Hyperproperties, such as non-interference and observational determinism, relate multiple system executions to each other. They are not expressible in standard temporal logics, like LTL, CTL, and CTL*, and thus cannot be monitored with…
Dynamic systems in AI are often complex and heterogeneous, so that an internal specification is not accessible and verification techniques such as model checking are not applicable. Monitoring is in such cases an attractive alternative, as…
This tutorial focuses on efficient methods to predictive monitoring (PM), the problem of detecting at runtime future violations of a given requirement from the current state of a system. While performing model checking at runtime would…
Networks are difficult to configure correctly, and tricky to debug. These problems are accentuated by temporal and stateful behavior. Static verification, while useful, is ineffectual for detecting behavioral deviations induced by hardware…
Runtime enforcement is an increasingly popular and effective dynamic validation technique aiming to ensure the correct runtime behavior (w.r.t. a formal specification) of systems using a so-called enforcement monitor. In this paper we…
Program execution monitoring consists of checking whole executions for given properties in order to collect global run-time information. Monitoring is very useful to maintain programs. However, application developers face the following…
The behavioural comparison of systems is an important concern of software engineering research. For example, the areas of specification discovery and specification mining are concerned with measuring the consistency between a collection of…
Quantum computers have the potential to provide an advantage over classical computers in a number of areas. Numerous metrics to benchmark the performance of quantum computers, ranging from their individual hardware components to entire…
Quantum information processing offers promising advances for a wide range of fields and applications, provided that we can efficiently assess the performance of the control applied in candidate systems. That is, we must be able to determine…
In runtime verification, the central problem is to decide if a given program execution violates a given property. In online runtime verification, a monitor observes a program's execution as it happens. If the program being observed has hard…
Conventional approaches for ensuring the security of application software at run-time, through monitoring, either produce (high rates of) false alarms (e.g. intrusion detection systems) or limit application performance (e.g. run-time…