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Shortcut sets are a vital instrument for reducing the diameter of a static graph and, consequently, its shortest path complexity, which is relevant in numerous subfields of graph theory. We explore the notion of shortcut sets in temporal…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Gerome Quantmeyer

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a multigraph with a set $T\subseteq V$ of terminals. A path in $G$ is called a $T$-path if its ends are distinct vertices in $T$ and no internal vertices belong to $T$. In 1978, Mader showed a characterization of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Satoru Iwata , Yu Yokoi

In temporal networks, where nodes interact via sequences of temporary events, information or resources can only flow through paths that follow the time-ordering of events. Such temporal paths play a crucial role in dynamic processes.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-07-20 Raj Kumar Pan , Jari Saramäki

We consider the problem of decomposing a given (di)graph into paths of length 2 with the additional restriction that no two such paths may have more than one vertex in common. We establish its NP-hardness by a reduction from 3-SAT,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Annika Thome , Matthias Walter

We study the parameterized complexity of maximum temporal connected components (tccs) in temporal graphs, i.e., graphs that deterministically change over time. In a tcc, any pair of vertices must be able to reach each other via a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Argyrios Deligkas , Michelle Döring , Eduard Eiben , Tiger-Lily Goldsmith , George Skretas , Georg Tennigkeit

The parity of the length of paths and cycles is a classical and well-studied topic in graph theory and theoretical computer science. The parity constraints can be extended to label constraints in a group-labeled graph, which is a directed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-16 Yasushi Kawase , Yusuke Kobayashi , Yutaro Yamaguchi

In the Disjoint Paths problem, the input consists of an $n$-vertex graph $G$ and a collection of $k$ vertex pairs, $\{(s_i,t_i)\}_{i=1}^k$, and the objective is to determine whether there exists a collection $\{P_i\}_{i=1}^k$ of $k$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Daniel Lokshtanov , Saket Saurabh , Meirav Zehavi

Temporal networks come with a wide variety of heterogeneities, from burstiness of event sequences to correlations between timings of node and link activations. In this paper, we set to explore the latter by using greedy walks as probes of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-01-20 Jari Saramaki , Petter Holme

Temporal networks model a variety of important phenomena involving timed interactions between entities. Existing methods for machine learning on temporal networks generally exhibit at least one of two limitations. First, time is assumed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Sudhanshu Chanpuriya , Ryan A. Rossi , Sungchul Kim , Tong Yu , Jane Hoffswell , Nedim Lipka , Shunan Guo , Cameron Musco

In a strongly connected graph $G = (V,E)$, a cut arc (also called strong bridge) is an arc $e \in E$ whose removal makes the graph no longer strongly connected. Equivalently, there exist $u,v \in V$, such that all $u$-$v$ walks contain $e$.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Massimo Cairo , Shahbaz Khan , Romeo Rizzi , Sebastian Schmidt , Alexandru I. Tomescu , Elia C. Zirondelli

In this paper, we study the \textsf{Planar Disjoint Paths} problem: Given an undirected planar graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and a set $T$ of $k$ pairs $(s_i,t_i)_{i=1}^k$ of vertices, the goal is to find a set $\mathcal P$ of $k$ pairwise…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Kyungjin Cho , Eunjin Oh , Seunghyeok Oh

Temporal graphs represent interactions between entities over time. Deciding whether entities can reach each other through temporal paths is useful for various applications such as in communication networks and epidemiology. Previous works…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Luiz Fernando Afra Brito , Marcelo Keese Albertini , Bruno Augusto Nassif Travençolo , Gonzalo Navarro

Temporal graphs naturally model graphs whose underlying topology changes over time. Recently, the problems TEMPORAL VERTEX COVER (or TVC) and SLIDING-WINDOW TEMPORAL VERTEX COVER(or $\Delta$-TVC for time-windows of a fixed-length $\Delta$)…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Thekla Hamm , Nina Klobas , George B. Mertzios , Paul G. Spirakis

We examine the time dependent amplitude $ \phi_{j}\left( t\right)$ at each vertex $j$ of a continuous-time quantum walk on the cycle $C_{n}$. In many cases the Lissajous curve of the real vs. imaginary parts of each $ \phi_{j}\left(…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-03 Phillip Dukes

Bu{\ss} et al [KDD 2020] recently proved that the problem of computing the betweenness of all nodes of a temporal graph is computationally hard in the case of foremost and fastest paths, while it is solvable in time O(n 3 T 2 ) in the case…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Filippo Brunelli , Pierluigi Crescenzi , Laurent Viennot

Analyzing the temporal behavior of nodes in time-varying graphs is useful for many applications such as targeted advertising, community evolution and outlier detection. In this paper, we present a novel approach, STWalk, for learning…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Supriya Pandhre , Himangi Mittal , Manish Gupta , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

Real-time analysis of graphs containing temporal information, such as social media streams, Q&A networks, and cyber data sources, plays an important role in various applications. Among them, detecting patterns is one of the fundamental…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Seunghwan Min , Jihoon Jang , Kunsoo Park , Dora Giammarresi , Giuseppe F. Italiano , Wook-Shin Han

A temporal graph is a dynamic graph where every edge is assigned a set of integer time labels that indicate at which discrete time step the edge is available. In this paper, we study how changes of the time labels, corresponding to delays…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Argyrios Deligkas , Igor Potapov

Finding a simple path of even length between two designated vertices in a directed graph is a fundamental NP-complete problem known as the EvenPath problem. Nedev proved in 1999, that for directed planar graphs, the problem can be solved in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Archit Chauhan , Samir Datta , Chetan Gupta , Vimal Raj Sharma

We study the complexity of the directed periodic temporal graph realization problem. This work is motivated by the design of periodic schedules in public transport with constraints on the quality of service. Namely, we require that the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Julia Meusel , Matthias Müller-Hannemann , Klaus Reinhardt