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Ising machines, including quantum annealing machines, are promising next-generation computers for combinatorial optimization problems. However, due to hardware limitations, most Ising-type hardware can only solve objective functions…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-10-29 Kazuki Ikeuchi , Yoshiki Matsuda , Shu Tanaka

Ising machines are specialized computers for finding the lowest energy states of Ising spin models, onto which many practical combinatorial optimization problems can be mapped. Simulated bifurcation (SB) is a quantum-inspired parallelizable…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Tomoya Kashimata , Masaya Yamasaki , Ryo Hidaka , Kosuke Tatsumura

Combinatorial optimization problems can be mapped onto Ising models, and their ground state is generally difficult to find. A lot of heuristics for these problems have been proposed, and one promising approach is to use continuous…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-11-03 Shintaro Sato

Periodically driven parametric oscillators offer a convenient way to simulate classical Ising spins. When many parametric oscillators are coupled dissipatively, they can be analogous to networks of Ising spins, forming an effective coherent…

The oscillator-based Ising machine (OIM) is a network of coupled CMOS oscillators that solves combinatorial optimization problems. In this paper, the distribution of the injection-locking oscillations throughout the circuit is proposed to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-12-17 M. Ali Vosoughi

The preparation of ground states of spin systems is a fundamental operation in quantum computing and serves as the basis of adiabatic quantum computing. This form of quantum computation is subject to the adiabatic theorem which in turn…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-02 Andreas Hartmann , Glen Bigan Mbeng , Wolfgang Lechner

We propose new mathematical optimization models for generating sparse dynamical graphs, or networks, that can achieve synchronization. The synchronization phenomenon is studied using the Kuramoto model, defined in terms of the adjacency…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-23 Regina S. Burachik , Alexander C. Kalloniatis , C. Yalçın Kaya

This paper presents a coupled ring oscillator based Potts ma chine to solve NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). Potts model is a generalization of the Ising model, cap turing multivalued spins in contrast to the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yilmaz Ege Gonul , Baris Taskin

Efficiently optimizing Nondeterministic Polynomial time (NP) problems in polynomial time has profound implications in many domains. CMOS oscillator networks have been shown to be effective and efficient in approximating certain NP-hard…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Wenxiao Cai , Zongru Li , Yu-Neng Wang , Sara Achour , Thomas H. Lee

Using a recently introduced linear reformulation of the Kuramoto model of self-synchronizing oscillator systems (arXiv:0704.1166), we study a new class of analytically solvable oscillator systems defined by a particular coupling scheme. We…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-12-11 David C. Roberts , Razvan Teodorescu

We developed a non-Hermitian quantum optimization algorithm to find the ground state of the ferromagnetic Ising model with up to 1024 spins (qubits). Our approach leads to significant reduction of the annealing time. Analytical and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-15 Alexander I. Nesterov , Juan Carlos Beas Zepeda , Gennady P. Berman

A spatial photonic Ising machine (SPIM) handles large-scale combinatorial optimization problems owing to optical processing with spatial parallelism. However, iterative feedback in the search for optimal solutions limits processing speed…

Optics · Physics 2025-02-27 Suguru Shimomura , Jun Tanida , Yusuke Ogura

Recently, there has been significant advancement in the machine learning (ML) approach and its application to diverse systems ranging from complex to quantum systems. As one of such systems, a coupled-oscillators system exhibits intriguing…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-09-21 Je Ung Song , K. Choi , B. Kahng

The Ising model was originally developed to model magnetisation of solids in statistical physics. As a network of binary variables with the probability of becoming 'active' depending only on direct neighbours, the Ising model appears…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-31 Lourens Waldorp , Maarten Marsman , Gunter Maris

Ising machines have attracted attention as efficient solvers for combinatorial optimization problems, which are formulated as ground-state (lowest-energy) search problems of the Ising model. Due to the limited bit-width of coefficients on…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-09-20 Shuta Kikuchi , Nozomu Togawa , Shu Tanaka

The Kuramoto model is a system of nonlinear differential equations that models networks of coupled oscillators and is often used to study synchronization among the oscillators. In this paper we study steady state solutions of the Kuramoto…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-04-10 Timothy Ferguson

Conventional computing architectures have no known efficient algorithms for combinatorial optimization tasks, which are encountered in fundamental areas and real-world practical problems including logistics, social networks, and…

This study investigates perturbation strategies inspired by adversarial attack principles from deep learning, designed to control synchronization dynamics through strategically crafted weak perturbations. We propose a gradient-based…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2025-10-07 Yasutoshi Nagahama , Kosuke Miyazato , Kazuhiro Takemoto

From condensed matter to quantum chromodynamics, multidimensional spins are a fundamental paradigm, with a pivotal role in combinatorial optimization and machine learning. Machines formed by coupled parametric oscillators can simulate spin…

Optics · Physics 2022-11-29 Marcello Calvanese Strinati , Claudio Conti

Synchronization of non-identical oscillators coupled through complex networks is an important example of collective behavior. It is interesting to ask how the structural organization of network interactions influences this process. Several…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2017-09-13 Lia Papadopoulos , Jason Kim , Jurgen Kurths , Danielle S. Bassett