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The quantum approximate optimisation algorithm (QAOA) is at the core of many scenarios that aim to combine the power of quantum computers and classical high-performance computing appliances for combinatorial optimisation. Several obstacles…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-26 Simon Thelen , Hila Safi , Wolfgang Mauerer

In this paper, we eliminate the classical outer learning loop of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and present a strategy to find good parameters for QAOA based on topological arguments of the problem graph and tensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-26 Michael Streif , Martin Leib

We study the relationship between the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and the underlying symmetries of the objective function to be optimized. Our approach formalizes the connection between quantum symmetry properties of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-29 Ruslan Shaydulin , Stuart Hadfield , Tad Hogg , Ilya Safro

Recent advances in quantum technologies pave the way for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, where quantum approximation optimization algorithms (QAOAs) constitute promising candidates for demonstrating tangible quantum…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Jingjing Cui , Yifeng Xiong , Soon Xin Ng , Lajos Hanzo

Designing noisy-resilience quantum algorithms is indispensable for practical applications on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum~(NISQ) devices. Here we propose a quantum approximate optimization algorithm~(QAOA) with a very shallow circuit,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-27 Fang-Gang Duan , Dan-Bo Zhang

Quantum algorithm involves the manipulation of amplitudes and computational basis, of which manipulating basis is largely a quantum analogue of classical computing that is always a major contributor to the complexity. In order to make full…

The recently proposed QAOA-GPT framework demonstrated that generative pre-trained transformers can learn mappings between problem graphs and optimized quantum circuits for the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). In this work,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Leanto Sunny , Abhinav Rijal , George Siopsis

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm that seeks to achieve approximate solutions to optimization problems by iteratively alternating between intervals of controlled quantum evolution.…

In the near-term, hybrid quantum-classical algorithms hold great potential for outperforming classical approaches. Understanding how these two computing paradigms work in tandem is critical for identifying areas where such hybrid algorithms…

The variational preparation of complex quantum states using the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is of fundamental interest, and becomes a promising application of quantum computers. Here, we systematically study the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-10 Zheng-Hang Sun , Yong-Yi Wang , Jian Cui , Heng Fan

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a variational ansatz that resembles the Trotterized dynamics of a Quantum Annealing (QA) protocol. This work formalizes this connection formally and empirically, showing the angles of…

Quantum computing exploits basic quantum phenomena such as state superposition and entanglement to perform computations. The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is arguably one of the leading quantum algorithms that can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Sami Khairy , Ruslan Shaydulin , Lukasz Cincio , Yuri Alexeev , Prasanna Balaprakash

The computational capabilities of near-term quantum computers are limited by the noisy execution of gate operations and a limited number of physical qubits. Hybrid variational algorithms are well-suited to near-term quantum devices because…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-09 Teague Tomesh , Nicholas Allen , Daniel Dilley , Zain Saleem

Variational quantum eigensolver (VQE), aiming at determining the ground state energy of a quantum system described by a Hamiltonian on noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices, is among the most significant applications of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-12 Ze-Tong Li , Fan-Xu Meng , Han Zeng , Zai-Chen Zhang , Xu-Tao Yu

This study proposes a novel structural optimization framework based on quantum variational circuits, in which the multiplier acting on the cross-sectional area of each rod in a truss structure as an updater is used as a design variable.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 Junsen Xiao , Naruethep Sukulthanasorn , Reika Nomura , Shuji Moriguchi , Kenjiro Terada

The clever hybridization of quantum computing concepts and evolutionary algorithms (EAs) resulted in a new field called quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithms (QIEAs). Unlike traditional EAs, QIEAs employ quantum bits to adopt a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Yelleti Vivek , Vadlamani Ravi , P. Radha Krishna

We introduce JuliQAOA, a simulation package specifically built for the Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA). JuliQAOA does not require a circuit-level description of QAOA problems, or another package to simulate such circuits, instead…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-12 John Golden , Andreas Bärtschi , Daniel O'Malley , Elijah Pelofske , Stephan Eidenbenz

Quantum Annealing (QA) relies on mixing two Hamiltonian terms, a simple driver and a complex problem Hamiltonian, in a linear combination. The time-dependent schedule for this mixing is often taken to be linear in time: improving on this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-17 Giovanni Pecci , Ruiyi Wang , Pietro Torta , Glen Bigan Mbeng , Giuseppe Santoro

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is widely seen as a possible usage of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. We analyze the algorithm as a bang-bang protocol with fixed total time and a randomized greedy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-16 Daniel Liang , Li Li , Stefan Leichenauer

Farhi et al. recently proposed a class of quantum algorithms, the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), for approximately solving combinatorial optimization problems. A level-p QAOA circuit consists of p steps; in each step a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-01 Zhihui Wang , Stuart Hadfield , Zhang Jiang , Eleanor G. Rieffel