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Action Units (AUs) are geometrically-based atomic facial muscle movements known to produce appearance changes at specific facial locations. Motivated by this observation we propose a novel AU modelling problem that consists of jointly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Ioanna Ntinou , Enrique Sanchez , Adrian Bulat , Michel Valstar , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

Facial action unit (AU) detection remains challenging because it involves heterogeneous, AU-specific uncertainties arising at both the representation and decision stages. Recent methods have improved discriminative feature learning, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yuze Li , Zhilei Liu

As a critical psychological stress response, micro-expressions (MEs) are fleeting and subtle facial movements revealing genuine emotions. Automatic ME recognition (MER) holds valuable applications in fields such as criminal investigation…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Shifeng Liu , Xinglong Mao , Sirui Zhao , Peiming Li , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Action Units (AU) are muscular activations used to describe facial expressions. Therefore accurate AU recognition unlocks unbiaised face representation which can improve face-based affective computing applications. From a learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Gauthier Tallec , Arnaud Dapogny , Kevin Bailly

Facial Action Coding System is an important approach of facial expression analysis.This paper describes our submission to the third Affective Behavior Analysis (ABAW) 2022 competition. We proposed a transfomer based model to detect facial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Lingfeng Wang , Shisen Wang , Jin Qi

This paper presents a classifier ensemble for Facial Expression Recognition (FER) based on models derived from transfer learning. The main experimentation work is conducted for facial action unit detection using feature extraction and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-20 Yen Khye Lim , Zukang Liao , Stavros Petridis , Maja Pantic

Facial Action Units (AUs) detection is a cornerstone of objective facial expression analysis and a critical focus in affective computing. Despite its importance, AU detection faces significant challenges, such as the high cost of AU…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Bohao Xing , Kaishen Yuan , Zitong Yu , Xin Liu , Heikki Kälviäinen

Facial action unit (AU) detection, aiming to classify AU present in the facial image, has long suffered from insufficient AU annotations. In this paper, we aim to mitigate this data scarcity issue by learning AU representations from a large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Yong Li , Shiguang Shan

Facial Action Units (AUs) represent a set of facial muscular activities and various combinations of AUs can represent a wide range of emotions. AU recognition is often used in many applications, including marketing, healthcare, education,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Junya Saito , Xiaoyu Mi , Akiyoshi Uchida , Sachihiro Youoku , Takahisa Yamamoto , Kentaro Murase , Osafumi Nakayama

Facial action units (AUs), as defined in the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), have received significant research interest owing to their diverse range of applications in facial state analysis. Current mainstream FAU recognition models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Xuri Ge , Junchen Fu , Fuhai Chen , Shan An , Nicu Sebe , Joemon M. Jose

Although state-of-the-art classifiers for facial expression recognition (FER) can achieve a high level of accuracy, they lack interpretability, an important feature for end-users. Experts typically associate spatial action units (AUs) from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Soufiane Belharbi , Marco Pedersoli , Alessandro Lameiras Koerich , Simon Bacon , Eric Granger

Facial action units (AUs) are essential to decode human facial expressions. Researchers have focused on training AU detectors with a variety of features and classifiers. However, several issues remain. These are spatial representation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-03 Wen-Sheng Chu , Fernando De la Torre , Jeffrey F. Cohn

Facial action units (AUs) detection is fundamental to facial expression analysis. As AU occurs only in a small area of the face, region-based learning has been widely recognized useful for AU detection. Most region-based studies focus on a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Yao Xia

This paper describes an approach to the facial action units detections. The involved action units (AU) include AU1 (Inner Brow Raiser), AU2 (Outer Brow Raiser), AU4 (Brow Lowerer), AU6 (Cheek Raise), AU12 (Lip Corner Puller), AU15 (Lip…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Xianpeng Ji , Yu Ding , Lincheng Li , Yu Chen , Changjie Fan

This paper presents a subject-independent facial action unit (AU) detection method by introducing the concept of relative AU detection, for scenarios where the neutral face is not provided. We propose a new classification objective function…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-05-02 Mahmoud Khademi , Louis-Philippe Morency

Facial expression recognition (FER) plays a significant role in our daily life. However, annotation ambiguity in the datasets could greatly hinder the performance. In this paper, we address FER task via label distribution learning paradigm,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Shu Liu , Yan Xu , Tongming Wan , Xiaoyan Kui

The paper describes our proposed methodology for the six basic expression classification track of Affective Behavior Analysis in-the-wild (ABAW) Competition 2022. In Learing from Synthetic Data(LSD) task, facial expression recognition (FER)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Shuyi Mao , Xinpeng Li , Junyao Chen , Xiaojiang Peng

Visual attention has been extensively studied for learning fine-grained features in both facial expression recognition (FER) and Action Unit (AU) detection. A broad range of previous research has explored how to use attention modules to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Xiaotian Li , Zhihua Li , Huiyuan Yang , Geran Zhao , Lijun Yin

Facial action unit (AU) detection and face alignment are two highly correlated tasks, since facial landmarks can provide precise AU locations to facilitate the extraction of meaningful local features for AU detection. However, most existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Zhiwen Shao , Zhilei Liu , Jianfei Cai , Lizhuang Ma

Capsule neural network is a new and popular technique in deep learning. However, the traditional capsule neural network does not extract features sufficiently before the dynamic routing between the capsules. In this paper, the one Double…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Shan Cao , Yuqian Yao , Gaoyun An