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For dialogue response generation, traditional generative models generate responses solely from input queries. Such models rely on insufficient information for generating a specific response since a certain query could be answered in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Deng Cai , Yan Wang , Victoria Bi , Zhaopeng Tu , Xiaojiang Liu , Wai Lam , Shuming Shi

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) for text generation. In particular, recent LLMs such as ChatGPT and GPT-4 can engage in fluent conversations with users after…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Jonathan D. Chang , Kiante Brantley , Rajkumar Ramamurthy , Dipendra Misra , Wen Sun

Large language models record impressive performance on many natural language processing tasks. However, their knowledge capacity is limited to the pretraining corpus. Retrieval augmentation offers an effective solution by retrieving context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Sai Munikoti , Anurag Acharya , Sridevi Wagle , Sameera Horawalavithana

We present an end-to-end differentiable training method for retrieval-augmented open-domain question answering systems that combine information from multiple retrieved documents when generating answers. We model retrieval decisions as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Devendra Singh Sachan , Siva Reddy , William Hamilton , Chris Dyer , Dani Yogatama

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable prowess in text generation, yet producing long-form, factual documents grounded in extensive external knowledge bases remains a significant challenge. Existing "top-down" methods, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Binquan Ji , Jiaqi Wang , Ruiting Li , Xingchen Han , Yiyang Qi , Shichao Wang , Yifei Lu , Yuantao Han , Feiliang Ren

Generative retrieval stands out as a promising new paradigm in text retrieval that aims to generate identifier strings of relevant passages as the retrieval target. This generative paradigm taps into powerful generative language models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Yongqi Li , Nan Yang , Liang Wang , Furu Wei , Wenjie Li

Advancements in model algorithms, the growth of foundational models, and access to high-quality datasets have propelled the evolution of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC). Despite its notable successes, AIGC still faces…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Penghao Zhao , Hailin Zhang , Qinhan Yu , Zhengren Wang , Yunteng Geng , Fangcheng Fu , Ling Yang , Wentao Zhang , Jie Jiang , Bin Cui

Despite the increasing use of large language models (LLMs) for context-grounded tasks like summarization and question-answering, understanding what makes an LLM produce a certain response is challenging. We propose Multi-Level Explanations…

The growing proliferation of customized and pretrained generative models has made it infeasible for a user to be fully cognizant of every model in existence. To address this need, we introduce the task of content-based model search: given a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Daohan Lu , Sheng-Yu Wang , Nupur Kumari , Rohan Agarwal , Mia Tang , David Bau , Jun-Yan Zhu

With the rapid development of large-scale language models, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been widely adopted. However, existing RAG paradigms are inevitably influenced by erroneous retrieval information, thereby reducing the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Ridong Wu , Shuhong Chen , Xiangbiao Su , Yuankai Zhu , Yifei Liao , Jianming Wu

The dominant text generation models compose the output by sequentially selecting words from a fixed vocabulary. In this paper, we formulate text generation as progressively copying text segments (e.g., words or phrases) from an existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Tian Lan , Deng Cai , Yan Wang , Heyan Huang , Xian-Ling Mao

On-the-fly retrieval of relevant knowledge has proven an essential element of reliable systems for tasks such as open-domain question answering and fact verification. However, because retrieval systems are not perfect, generation models are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Zhiruo Wang , Jun Araki , Zhengbao Jiang , Md Rizwan Parvez , Graham Neubig

As robots become more ubiquitous and capable, it becomes ever more important to enable untrained users to easily interact with them. Recently, this has led to study of the language grounding problem, where the goal is to extract…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Cynthia Matuszek , Nicholas FitzGerald , Luke Zettlemoyer , Liefeng Bo , Dieter Fox

This research introduces a novel text generation model that combines BERT's semantic interpretation strengths with GPT-4's generative capabilities, establishing a high standard in generating coherent, contextually accurate language. Through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Jiajing Chen , Shuo Wang , Zhen Qi , Zhenhong Zhang , Chihang Wang , Hongye Zheng

Harmful text detection has become a crucial task in the development and deployment of large language models, especially as AI-generated content continues to expand across digital platforms. This study proposes a joint retrieval framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Zidong Yu , Shuo Wang , Nan Jiang , Weiqiang Huang , Xu Han , Junliang Du

Large language models (LLMs) achieve optimal utility when their responses are grounded in external knowledge sources. However, real-world documents, such as annual reports, scientific papers, and clinical guidelines, frequently combine…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Chi Zhang , Qiyang Chen , Mengqi Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the accuracy of Large Language Model (LLM) responses by leveraging relevant external documents during generation. Although previous studies noted that retrieving many documents can degrade…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Shahar Levy , Nir Mazor , Lihi Shalmon , Michael Hassid , Gabriel Stanovsky

While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge, they still face persistent challenges in retrieval inefficiency and the inability of LLMs to filter out irrelevant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Ruobing Yao , Yifei Zhang , Shuang Song , Yuhua Liu , Neng Gao , Chenyang Tu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) grounds Large Language Models (LLMs) in external knowledge but often suffers from flat context representations and stateless retrieval, leading to unstable performance. We propose Stateful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Qi Dong , Ziheng Lin , Ning Ding

With direct access to human-written reference as memory, retrieval-augmented generation has achieved much progress in a wide range of text generation tasks. Since better memory would typically prompt better generation~(we define this as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Xin Cheng , Di Luo , Xiuying Chen , Lemao Liu , Dongyan Zhao , Rui Yan