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Many prominent smart-contract applications such as payment channels, auctions, and voting systems often involve a mechanism in which some party must respond to a challenge or appeal some action within a fixed time limit. This pattern of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Ayelet Lotem , Sarah Azouvi , Patrick McCorry , Aviv Zohar

We document the first systematic evidence of negative spillover effects in crypto asset returns across blockchains. Using on-chain data from Ethereum, Solana, Binance Smart Chain, Arbitrum, and Avalanche (2022-2025), we show that surges on…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2026-03-02 Mengzhong Ma , Te Bao , Yonggang Wen

Resource allocation in adversarial environments is a fundamental challenge across various domains, from corporate competition to military strategy. This article examines the impact of compromising an opponent's strategic intent in the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Gilberto Diaz-Garcia , Keith Paarporn , Jason R. Marden

The recent adoption of blockchain technologies and open permissionless networks suggest the importance of peer-to-peer atomic cross-chain transaction protocols. Users should be able to atomically exchange tokens and assets without depending…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Victor Zakhary , Divyakant Agrawal , Amr El Abbadi

As the foundation of the Web3 trust system, blockchain technology faces increasing demands for scalability. Sharding emerges as a promising solution, but it struggles to handle highly concurrent cross-shard transactions (\textsf{CSTx}s),…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Lingxiao Yang , Xuewen Dong , Zhiguo Wan , Di Lu , Yushu Zhang , Yulong Shen

Fair exchange protocols let two mutually distrustful parties exchange digital data in a way that neither party can cheat. They have various applications such as the exchange of digital items, or the exchange of digital coins and digital…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Aydin Abadi , Steven J. Murdoch , Thomas Zacharias

State-of-the-art blockchain sharding solutions such as Monoxide, can cause severely imbalanced distribution of transaction (TX) workloads across all blockchain shards due to the deployment policy of their accounts. Imbalanced TX…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Huawei Huang , Zhaokang Yin , Qinde Chen , Guang Ye , Xiaowen Peng , Yue Lin , Zibin Zheng , Song Guo

Modern multi-core processors share cache resources for maximum cache utilization and performance gains. However, this leaves the cache vulnerable to side-channel attacks, where timing differences in shared cache behavior are exploited to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Ghada Dessouky , Tommaso Frassetto , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

Sharding is a promising technique for addressing the scalability issues of blockchain, and this technique is especially important for IoT, edge, or mobile computing. It divides the $n$ participating nodes into $s$ disjoint groups called…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Ramesh Adhikari , Costas Busch , Miroslav Popovic

As an emerging service framework built by combining cryptography, P2P network, consensus mechanism and innovative contract technology, blockchain has been widely used in digital finance, data sharing, message traceability and electronic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Wenwen Zhou , Dongyang Lyu , Xiaoqi Li

In a spoofing attack, an attacker impersonates a legitimate user to access or modify data belonging to the latter. Typical approaches for spoofing detection in the physical layer declare an attack when a change is observed in certain…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-18 Daniel Romero , Tien Ngoc Ha , Peter Gerstoft

Cryptocurrencies are poised to revolutionize the modern economy by democratizing commerce. These currencies operate on top of blockchain-based distributed ledgers. Existing permissionless blockchain-based protocols offer unparalleled…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Anurag Jain , Sanidhay Arora , Sankarshan Damle , Sujit Gujar

This study provides a practical introduction to high-frequency trading in blockchain-based currency markets. These types of markets have some specific characteristics that differentiate them from the stock markets, such as a large number of…

General Economics · Economics 2023-04-19 Vittorio Astarita

We consider trading against a hedge fund or large trader that must liquidate a large position in a risky asset if the market price of the asset crosses a certain threshold. Liquidation occurs in a disorderly manner and negatively impacts…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2016-10-07 Caroline Hillairet , Cody Hyndman , Ying Jiao , Renjie Wang

Blockchains such as Bitcoin and Ethereum execute payment transactions securely, but their performance is limited by the need for global consensus. Payment networks overcome this limitation through off-chain transactions. Instead of writing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Joshua Lind , Oded Naor , Ittay Eyal , Florian Kelbert , Peter Pietzuch , Emin Gun Sirer

This paper addresses the security allocation problem in a networked control system under stealthy injection attacks. The networked system is comprised of interconnected subsystems which are represented by nodes in a digraph. An adversary…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-03 Anh Tung Nguyen , Sribalaji C. Anand , André M. H. Teixeira

Cryptocurrencies have emerged as a new form of digital money that has not escaped the eyes of cyber-attackers. Traditionally, they have been maliciously used as a medium of exchange for proceeds of crime in the cyber dark-market by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Aaron Zimba , Mumbi Chishimba , Christabel Ngongola-Reinke , Tozgani Fainess Mbale

We consider the secure communication problem for broadcasting of two encrypted sources. The sender wishes to broadcast two secret messages via two common key cryptosystems. We assume that the adversary can use the side-channel, where the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Bagus Santoso , Yasutada Oohama

Bitcoin is a "crypto currency", a decentralized electronic payment scheme based on cryptography. Bitcoin economy grows at an incredibly fast rate and is now worth some 10 billions of dollars. Bitcoin mining is an activity which consists of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-12-03 Nicolas T. Courtois , Lear Bahack

Blockchains offer strong security gurarantees, but cannot protect users against the ordering of transactions. Players such as miners, bots and validators can reorder various transactions and reap significant profits, called the Maximal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Arti Vedula , Shaileshh Bojja Venkatakrishnan , Abhishek Gupta