Related papers: Sequences involving square zig-zag shapes
The subgraph number of a vertex in a graph is defined as the number of connected subgraphs containing that vertex. The graph and its vertex which correspond to the minimum subgraph number among all graphs on $n$ vertices and $k$ cut…
A squarefree word is a sequence $w$ of symbols such that there are no strings $x, y$, and $z$ for which $w=xyyz$. A nonrepetitive coloring of a graph is an edge coloring in which the sequence of colors along any open path is squarefree. We…
Consider a directed multigraph $D$ that is balanced (i.e., at each vertex, the indegree equals the outdegree). Let $A$ be its set of arcs. Fix an integer $k$. Let $s$ be a vertex of $D$. We show that the number of $k$-element subsets $B$ of…
We study an arithmetic analog of the Hall algebra of a curve, when the curve is replaced by the spectrum of the integers compactified at infinity. The role of vector bundles is played by lattices with quadratic forms. This algebra H…
The aim of this paper is to classify reduction types of algebraic curves. Reduction types capture the discrete invariants of fibres in one-dimensional families of curves, and they have been described in genus 1, 2 and 3. For fixed genus…
A vertex of degree one is called an end-vertex, and an end-vertex of a tree is called a leaf. A tree with at most $k$ leaves is called a $k$-ended tree. For a positive integer $k$, let $t_k$ be the order of a largest $k$-ended tree. Let…
Given a graph whose edges are labeled by ideals in a ring, a generalized spline is a labeling of each vertex by a ring element so that adjacent vertices differ by an element of the ideal associated to the edge. We study splines over the…
We associate a sequence of positive integers, termed the type sequence, with a cochordal graph. Using this type sequence, we compute all graded Betti numbers of its edge ideal. We then classify all positive integer $n$ such that the zero…
Given a vector bundle $A\to M$ we study the geometry of the graded manifolds $T^*[k]A[1]$, including their canonical symplectic structures, compatible Q-structures and Lagrangian Q-submanifolds. We relate these graded objects to classical…
Linear recursions of degree $k$ are determined by evaluating the sequence of Generalized Fibonacci Polynomials, $\{F_{k,n}(t_1,...,t_k)\}$ (isobaric reflects of the complete symmetric polynomials) at the integer vectors $(t_1,...,t_k)$. If…
Magic squares are well-known arrangements of integers with common row, column, and diagonal sums. Various other magic shapes have been proposed, but triangles have been somewhat overlooked. We introduce certain triangular arrangements of…
We recall the main types of lattice paths, which are sequences in the lattice of integer coordinates points in the plane. We start with the fundamental central lattice paths and Dyck paths and proceed in elementary terms through recently…
By a finite type-graph we mean a graph whose set of vertices is the set of all $k$-subsets of $[n]=\{1,2,\ldots, n\}$ for some integers $n\ge k\ge 1$, and in which two such sets are adjacent if and only if they realise a certain order type…
We study the random graph obtained by random deletion of vertices or edges from a random graph with given vertex degrees. A simple trick of exploding vertices instead of deleting them, enables us to derive results from known results for…
A coregular space is a representation of an algebraic group for which the ring of polynomial invariants is free. In this paper, we show that the orbits of many coregular irreducible representations where the number of invariants is at least…
We prove asymptotic 0-1 Laws satisfied by diagrams of unimodal sequences of positive integers. These diagrams consist of columns of squares in the plane, and the upper boundary is called the shape. For various types, we show that, as the…
Let $m>1$ and $\mathfrak{d} \neq 0$ be integers such that $v_{p}(\mathfrak{d}) \neq m$ for any prime $p$. We construct a matrix $A(\mathfrak{d})$ of size $(m-1) \times (m-1)$ depending on only of $\mathfrak{d}$ with the following property:…
We characterise the quintic (i.e. 5-regular) multigraphs with the property that every edge lies in a triangle. Such a graph is either from a set of small graphs or is formed by adding a perfect matching to a line graph of a cubic graph as…
A set of independence statements may define the independence structure of interest in a family of joint probability distributions. This structure is often captured by a graph that consists of nodes representing the random variables and of…
Hexagonal circle patterns with constant intersection angles are introduced and studied. It is shown that they are described by discrete integrable systems of Toda type. Conformally symmetric patterns are classified. Circle pattern analogs…