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Reasoning, the ability to logically draw conclusions from existing knowledge, is a hallmark of human. Together with perception, they constitute the two major themes of artificial intelligence. While deep learning has pushed the limit of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Zhaocheng Zhu

Graphs are data structures used to represent irregular networks and are prevalent in numerous real-world applications. Previous methods directly model graph structures and achieve significant success. However, these methods encounter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Shuo Yu , Yingbo Wang , Ruolin Li , Guchun Liu , Yanming Shen , Shaoxiong Ji , Bowen Li , Fengling Han , Xiuzhen Zhang , Feng Xia

We investigate three formalisms to specify graph languages, i.e. sets of graphs, based on type graphs. First, we are interested in (pure) type graphs, where the corresponding language consists of all graphs that can be mapped…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Andrea Corradini , Barbara König , Dennis Nolte

Graph-based semantic representations are valuable in natural language processing, where it is often simple and effective to represent linguistic concepts as nodes, and relations as edges between them. Several attempts has been made to find…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Johanna Björklund , Frank Drewes , Anna Jonsson

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved great success in various reasoning tasks. In this work, we focus on the graph reasoning ability of LLMs. Although theoretical studies proved that LLMs are capable of handling graph reasoning tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Xinnan Dai , Qihao Wen , Yifei Shen , Hongzhi Wen , Dongsheng Li , Jiliang Tang , Caihua Shan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained the ability to assimilate human knowledge and facilitate natural language interactions with both humans and other LLMs. However, despite their impressive achievements, LLMs have not made significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Jianan Zhao , Le Zhuo , Yikang Shen , Meng Qu , Kai Liu , Michael Bronstein , Zhaocheng Zhu , Jian Tang

Researchers have relegated natural language processing tasks to Transformer-type models, particularly generative models, because these models exhibit high versatility when performing generation and classification tasks. As the size of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Fabio Yáñez-Romero , Andrés Montoyo , Armando Suárez , Yoan Gutiérrez , Ruslan Mitkov

This paper introduces epistemic graphs as a generalization of the epistemic approach to probabilistic argumentation. In these graphs, an argument can be believed or disbelieved up to a given degree, thus providing a more fine--grained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Anthony Hunter , Sylwia Polberg , Matthias Thimm

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance on many natural language processing tasks. However, their capabilities on graph-structured data remain relatively unexplored. In this paper, we conduct a series of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yuntong Hu , Zheng Zhang , Liang Zhao

Many real-world domains can be expressed as graphs and, more generally, as multi-relational knowledge graphs. Though reasoning and learning with knowledge graphs has traditionally been addressed by symbolic approaches, recent methods in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Sebastijan Dumancic , Alberto Garcia-Duran , Mathias Niepert

We develop a shape analysis for reasoning about relational properties of data structures. Both the concrete and the abstract domain are represented by hypergraphs. The analysis is parameterized by user-supplied indexed graph grammars to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-04-20 Hannah Arndt , Christina Jansen , Christoph Matheja , Thomas Noll

Lexical semantics theories differ in advocating that the meaning of words is represented as an inference graph, a feature mapping or a vector space, thus raising the question: is it the case that one of these approaches is superior to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-17 António Branco , João Rodrigues , Małgorzata Salawa , Ruben Branco , Chakaveh Saedi

Graphs are commonly used to characterise interactions between objects of interest. Because they are based on a straightforward formalism, they are used in many scientific fields from computer science to historical sciences. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-06-24 Pierre Latouche , Fabrice Rossi

Grounded language models use external sources of information, such as knowledge graphs, to meet some of the general challenges associated with pre-training. By extending previous work on compositional generalization in semantic parsing, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Sondre Wold , Étienne Simon , Lucas Georges Gabriel Charpentier , Egor V. Kostylev , Erik Velldal , Lilja Øvrelid

Graph learning has become essential in various domains, including recommendation systems and social network analysis. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as promising techniques for encoding structural information and improving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Lianghao Xia , Ben Kao , Chao Huang

Recent studies suggest that large language models (LLMs) possess the capability to solve graph reasoning tasks. Notably, even when graph structures are embedded within textual descriptions, LLMs can still effectively answer related…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xinnan Dai , Kai Yang , Jay Revolinsky , Kai Guo , Aoran Wang , Bohang Zhang , Jiliang Tang

Despite the superior performance of large language models to generate natural language texts, it is hard to generate texts with correct logic according to a given task, due to the difficulties for neural models to capture implied rules from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Fan Zhang , Kebing Jin , Hankz Hankui Zhuo

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), classic graph learning tasks have greatly benefited from LLMs, including improved encoding of textual features, more efficient construction of graphs from text, and enhanced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Xiyuan Wang , Yi Hu , Yanbo Wang , Chuan Shi , Muhan Zhang

Graph data is ubiquitous in the physical world, and it has always been a challenge to efficiently model graph structures using a unified paradigm for the understanding and reasoning on various graphs. Moreover, in the era of large language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Qihang Ai , Jianwu Zhou , Haiyun Jiang , Lemao Liu , Shuming Shi

Graphs are a basic tool for the representation of modern data. The richness of the topological information contained in a graph goes far beyond its mere interpretation as a one-dimensional simplicial complex. We show how topological…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-11 Mattia G. Bergomi , Massimo Ferri , Lorenzo Zuffi