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Traditionally, especially in academic research in recommender systems, the focus has been solely on the satisfaction of the end-user. While user satisfaction has, indeed, been associated with the success of the business, it is not the only…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Himan Abdollahpouri

Collaborative filtering-based recommender systems leverage vast amounts of behavioral user data, which poses severe privacy risks. Thus, often, random noise is added to the data to ensure Differential Privacy (DP). However, to date, it is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Peter Müllner , Elisabeth Lex , Markus Schedl , Dominik Kowald

Global popularity (GP) bias is the phenomenon that popular items are recommended much more frequently than they should be, which goes against the goal of providing personalized recommendations and harms user experience and recommendation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Wentao Ning , Reynold Cheng , Xiao Yan , Ben Kao , Nan Huo , Nur AI Hasan Haldar , Bo Tang

Recommendation algorithms are susceptible to popularity bias: a tendency to recommend popular items even when they fail to meet user needs. A related issue is that the recommendation quality can vary by demographic groups. Marginalized…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Nicola Neophytou , Bhaskar Mitra , Catherine Stinson

Recommendation systems aim to predict users' feedback on items not exposed to them. Confounding bias arises due to the presence of unmeasured variables (e.g., the socio-economic status of a user) that can affect both a user's exposure and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Qing Zhang , Xiaoying Zhang , Yang Liu , Hongning Wang , Min Gao , Jiheng Zhang , Ruocheng Guo

This paper jointly addresses the problem of data uncertainty, popularity bias, and exposure bias in session-based recommender systems. We study the symptoms of this bias both in item embeddings and in recommendations. We propose treating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Klaudia Balcer , Piotr Lipinski

Sequential recommender systems have achieved state-of-the-art recommendation performance by modeling the sequential dynamics of user activities. However, in most recommendation scenarios, the popular items comprise the major part of the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Yi Ren , Xu Zhao , Hongyan Tang , Shuai Li

Recommender systems learn from historical users' feedback that is often non-uniformly distributed across items. As a consequence, these systems may end up suggesting popular items more than niche items progressively, even when the latter…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Ludovico Boratto , Gianni Fenu , Mirko Marras

Position bias poses a persistent challenge in recommender systems, with much of the existing research focusing on refining ranking relevance and driving user engagement. However, in practical applications, the mitigation of position bias…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Andrii Dzhoha , Alexey Kurennoy , Vladimir Vlasov , Marjan Celikik

Recommendation Systems (RS) are often plagued by popularity bias. When training a recommendation model on a typically long-tailed dataset, the model tends to not only inherit this bias but often exacerbate it, resulting in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Siyi Lin , Chongming Gao , Jiawei Chen , Sheng Zhou , Binbin Hu , Yan Feng , Chun Chen , Can Wang

Unobserved confounding arises when an unmeasured feature influences both the treatment and the outcome, leading to biased causal effect estimates. This issue undermines observational studies in fields like economics, medicine, ecology or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Alexander Merkov , David Rohde , Alexandre Gilotte , Benjamin Heymann

Multimodal recommender systems enhance personalized recommendations in e-commerce and online advertising by integrating visual, textual, and user-item interaction data. However, existing methods often overlook two critical biases: (i) modal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Jie Yang , Chenyang Gu , Zixuan Liu

While recent years have witnessed a rapid growth of research papers on recommender system (RS), most of the papers focus on inventing machine learning models to better fit user behavior data. However, user behavior data is observational…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Jiawei Chen , Hande Dong , Xiang Wang , Fuli Feng , Meng Wang , Xiangnan He

Debiased recommender models have recently attracted increasing attention from the academic and industry communities. Existing models are mostly based on the technique of inverse propensity score (IPS). However, in the recommendation domain,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Quanyu Dai , Zhenhua Dong , Xu Chen

Recently there has been a growing interest in fairness-aware recommender systems, including fairness in providing consistent performance across different users or groups of users. A recommender system could be considered unfair if the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-10-17 Himan Abdollahpouri , Masoud Mansoury , Robin Burke , Bamshad Mobasher

Recommendations are commonly used to modify user's natural behavior, for example, increasing product sales or the time spent on a website. This results in a gap between the ultimate business objective and the classical setup where…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Stephen Bonner , Flavian Vasile

Beyond user-item modeling, item-to-item relationships are increasingly used to enhance recommendation. However, common methods largely rely on co-occurrence, making them prone to item popularity bias and user attributes, which degrades…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Jingmao Zhang , Zhiting Zhao , Yunqi Lin , Jianghong Ma , Tianjun Wei , Haijun Zhang , Xiaofeng Zhang

Top-N recommendation, which aims to learn user ranking-based preference, has long been a fundamental problem in a wide range of applications. Traditional models usually motivate themselves by designing complex or tailored architectures…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Mengyue Yang , Quanyu Dai , Zhenhua Dong , Xu Chen , Xiuqiang He , Jun Wang

Bias in recommender systems not only distorts user experience but also perpetuates and amplifies existing societal stereotypes, particularly in sectors like fashion e-commerce. This study employs a dynamic modeling approach to scrutinize…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Mahsa Goodarzi , M. Abdullah Canbaz

Most recommender systems optimize the model on observed interaction data, which is affected by the previous exposure mechanism and exhibits many biases like popularity bias. The loss functions, such as the mostly used pointwise Binary…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Qi Wan , Xiangnan He , Xiang Wang , Jiancan Wu , Wei Guo , Ruiming Tang