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In the ambitious realm of space AI, the integration of federated learning (FL) with low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations holds immense promise. However, many challenges persist in terms of feasibility, learning efficiency, and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Mohamed Elmahallawy , Tie Luo

This paper addresses the complexities of entanglement distribution in LEO satellite networks, particularly those arising from their dynamic topology. Traditional static and dynamic entanglement distribution methods often result in high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-26 Seid Koudia , Junaid ur Rehman , Symeon Chatzinotas

This paper investigates energy-efficient inter-satellite communication in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) networks, where satellites exchange both buffered and newly generated data through half-duplex inter-satellite links (ISLs). Due to orbital…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-18 Yomali Lokugama , Charith Dissanayake , Saman Atapattu , Kandeepan Sithamparanathan

Operators of low-Earth-orbit (LEO) non-geostationary satellite networks, also known as mega-constellations, are required by current regulations to share all available satellite spectrum. This paper proposes a consensus mechanism to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Arman Mollakhani , Dongning Guo

The growth of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) broadband satellite megaconstellations is rapidly increasing the number of rocket launches. While improving broadband Internet helps achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), there are also…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-15 Ogutu B. Osoro , Edward J. Oughton , Andrew R. Wilson , Akhil Rao

The regenerative capabilities of next-generation satellite systems offer a novel approach to design low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems, enabling full flexibility in bandwidth and spot beam management, power control, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Sovit Bhandari , Thang X. Vu , Symeon Chatzinotas

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations have seen a surge in deployment over the past few years by virtue of their ability to provide broadband Internet access as well as to collect vast amounts of Earth observational data that can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Mohamed Elmahallawy , Tie Luo

We propose an architecture with accompanying protocol for on-board satellite data infrastructure designed for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations offering communication services, such as direct-to-cell connectivity. Our design leverages…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Thomas Sandholm , Sayandev Mukherjee , Bernardo A Huberman

A mega-constellation of low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites has the potential to enable long-range communication with low latency. Integrating this with burgeoning unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assisted non-terrestrial networks will be a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Ju-Hyung Lee , Jihong Park , Mehdi Bennis , Young-Chai Ko

This study introduces a new framework for analyzing capacity dynamics and throughput performance in Low Earth Orbit satellite networks (LSNs). It focuses on addressing critical gaps in existing models, particularly those concerning…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Xiangtong Wan , Menglong Yang , Wei Li , Songchen Han

The efforts to replace the successful, albeit aging, TCP/IP Internet architecture with a better suited one have driving research interest to information-centric alternatives. The Named Data Networking (NDN) architecture is probably one of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Miguel Rodríguez-Pérez , Sergio Herrería-Alonso , Andrés Suárez-González , José Carlos López-Ardao , Raúl Rodríguez-Rubio

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites undergo a period of rapid development driven by ever-increasing user demands, reduced costs, and technological progress. Since there is a paucity of literature on the security and reliability issues of LEO…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-20 Pingyue Yue , Jianping An , Jiankang Zhang , Jia Ye , Gaofeng Pan , Shuai Wang , Pei Xiao , Lajos Hanzo

We study spectrum sharing between two dense low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations, an incumbent primary system and a secondary system that must respect interference protection constraints on the primary system. In particular, we…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-20 Eunsun Kim , Ian P. Roberts , Taekyun Lee , Jeffrey G. Andrews

The rapid deployment of low earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations has drawn attention to the potential of nonterrestrial networks (NTN) in providing global communication services. Telecom operators are attempting to collaborate with…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shaojie Su , Jiasheng Wu , Zijie Ying , Zhiyuan Zhao , Xiangyu Jia , Wenjun Zhu , Yue Gao

This Study proposes a routing strategy of combining a packet scheduling with congestion control policy that applied for LEO satellite network with high speed and multiple traffic. It not only ensures the QoS of different traffic, but also…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-04-27 Saeid Aghaei Nezhad Firouzja , Muhammad Yousefnezhad , Masoud Samadi , Mohd Fauzi Othman

The deployment of low earth orbit (LEO) satellites with terrestrial networks can potentially increase the efficiency and reduce the cost of relaying content from a data center to a set of edge caches hosted by 6G and beyond enabled macro…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-24 Basem Abdellatif , Mostafa M. Shibl , Tamer Khattab , John Tadrous , Tarek ElFouly , Nizar Zorba

In this paper, we consider traffic offloading of integrated low earth orbit (LEO) satellite-terrestrial network. We first derive traffic offloading probability from the terrestrial network to the LEO satellite network based on the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Hossein Akhlaghpasand , Vahid Shah-Mansouri

The increasing number of Anthropogenic Space Objects (ASOs) in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) poses a threat to the safety and sustainability of the space environment. Multiple companies are planning to launch large constellations of hundreds or…

Space Physics · Physics 2022-06-14 Andrea D'Ambrosio , Miles Lifson , Richard Linares

The use of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites in the next generation (Next-G) communication systems has been gaining traction over the last few years due to their potential for providing global connectivity with low latency. Since they are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Sambrama , Venkata Srirama Rohit Kantheti , Liang C Chu , Erik Blasch , Shih-Chun Lin

The nearby space surrounding the Earth is densely populated by artificial satellites and instruments, whose orbits are distributed within the Low-Earth-Orbit region (LEO), ranging between 90 and 2 000 $km$ of altitude. As a consequence of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-10 Alessandra Celletti , Cătălin Galeş