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This paper proposes a policy-based deep reinforcement learning hyper-heuristic framework for solving the Job Shop Scheduling Problem. The hyper-heuristic agent learns to switch scheduling rules based on the system state dynamically. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Sofiene Lassoued , Asrat Gobachew , Stefan Lier , Andreas Schwung

Recently, quadrupedal locomotion has achieved significant success, but their manipulation capabilities, particularly in handling large objects, remain limited, restricting their usefulness in demanding real-world applications such as search…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yuming Feng , Chuye Hong , Yaru Niu , Shiqi Liu , Yuxiang Yang , Wenhao Yu , Tingnan Zhang , Jie Tan , Ding Zhao

Solving robotic navigation tasks via reinforcement learning (RL) is challenging due to their sparse reward and long decision horizon nature. However, in many navigation tasks, high-level (HL) task representations, like a rough floor plan,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Jan Wöhlke , Felix Schmitt , Herke van Hoof

Offline Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown potent in many safe-critical tasks in robotics where exploration is risky and expensive. However, it still struggles to acquire skills in temporally extended tasks. In this paper, we study the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Jinning Li , Chen Tang , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan

Deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) excels in various domains but lacks generalizability and interpretability. On the other hand, programmatic RL methods (Trivedi et al., 2021; Liu et al., 2023) reformulate RL tasks as synthesizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Yu-An Lin , Chen-Tao Lee , Guan-Ting Liu , Pu-Jen Cheng , Shao-Hua Sun

Recent advances in robot skill learning have unlocked the potential to construct task-agnostic skill libraries, facilitating the seamless sequencing of multiple simple manipulation primitives (aka. skills) to tackle significantly more…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Teng Xue , Amirreza Razmjoo , Suhan Shetty , Sylvain Calinon

Robotic imitation learning faces a fundamental trade-off between modeling long-horizon dependencies and enabling fine-grained closed-loop control. Existing fixed-frequency action chunking approaches struggle to achieve both. Building on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jiyao Zhang , Zimu Han , Junhan Wang , Xionghao Wu , Shihong Lin , Jinzhou Li , Hongwei Fan , Ruihai Wu , Dongjiang Li , Hao Dong

In this paper, we explore deep reinforcement learning algorithms for vision-based robotic grasping. Model-free deep reinforcement learning (RL) has been successfully applied to a range of challenging environments, but the proliferation of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-03-30 Deirdre Quillen , Eric Jang , Ofir Nachum , Chelsea Finn , Julian Ibarz , Sergey Levine

Mobile robot navigation in complex and dynamic environments is a challenging but important problem. Reinforcement learning approaches fail to solve these tasks efficiently due to reward sparsities, temporal complexities and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-04-30 Xi Chen , Ali Ghadirzadeh , John Folkesson , Patric Jensfelt

We study how to effectively leverage expert feedback to learn sequential decision-making policies. We focus on problems with sparse rewards and long time horizons, which typically pose significant challenges in reinforcement learning. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-12 Hoang M. Le , Nan Jiang , Alekh Agarwal , Miroslav Dudík , Yisong Yue , Hal Daumé

Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) decomposes the policy into a manager and a worker, enabling long-horizon planning but introducing a performance gap on tasks requiring agility. We identify a root cause: in subgoal-based HRL, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Shashank Sharma , Janina Hoffmann , Vinay Namboodiri

Reinforcement learning has been successful in many tasks ranging from robotic control, games, energy management etc. In complex real world environments with sparse rewards and long task horizons, sample efficiency is still a major…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Bharat Prakash , Nicholas Waytowich , Tim Oates , Tinoosh Mohsenin

Reinforcement learning (RL) is typically concerned with estimating stationary policies or single-step models, leveraging the Markov property to factorize problems in time. However, we can also view RL as a generic sequence modeling problem,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Michael Janner , Qiyang Li , Sergey Levine

For autonomous service robots to successfully perform long horizon tasks in the real world, they must act intelligently in partially observable environments. Most Task and Motion Planning approaches assume full observability of their state…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Alphonsus Adu-Bredu , Nikhil Devraj , Pin-Han Lin , Zhen Zeng , Odest Chadwicke Jenkins

Model-free reinforcement learning algorithms have exhibited great potential in solving single-task sequential decision-making problems with high-dimensional observations and long horizons, but are known to be hard to generalize across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Boyuan Chen , Chuning Zhu , Pulkit Agrawal , Kaiqing Zhang , Abhishek Gupta

Manipulation of large objects over long horizons (such as carts in a warehouse) is an essential skill for deployable robotic systems. Large objects require mobile manipulation which involves simultaneous manipulation, navigation, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yajvan Ravan , Zhutian Yang , Tao Chen , Tomás Lozano-Pérez , Leslie Pack Kaelbling

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms can learn complex robotic skills from raw sensory inputs, but have yet to achieve the kind of broad generalization and applicability demonstrated by deep learning methods in supervised domains. We…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Frederik Ebert , Chelsea Finn , Sudeep Dasari , Annie Xie , Alex Lee , Sergey Levine

Enabling autonomous robots to interact in unstructured environments with dynamic objects requires manipulation capabilities that can deal with clutter, changes, and objects' variability. This paper presents a comparison of different…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-02-01 Michel Breyer , Fadri Furrer , Tonci Novkovic , Roland Siegwart , Juan Nieto

Learning to locomote to arbitrary goals on hardware remains a challenging problem for reinforcement learning. In this paper, we present a hierarchical learning framework that improves sample-efficiency and generalizability of locomotion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Tianyu Li , Nathan Lambert , Roberto Calandra , Franziska Meier , Akshara Rai

Planning long-horizon manipulation motions using a set of predefined skills is a central challenge in robotics; solving it efficiently could enable general-purpose robots to tackle novel tasks by flexibly composing generic skills. Solutions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Itamar Mishani , Yorai Shaoul , Maxim Likhachev
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