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Model stores offer third-party ML models and datasets for easy project integration, minimizing coding efforts. One might hope to find detailed specifications of these models and datasets in the documentation, leveraging documentation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Ernesto Lang Oreamuno , Rohan Faiyaz Khan , Abdul Ali Bangash , Catherine Stinson , Bram Adams

While automatic dialogue tutors hold great potential in making education personalized and more accessible, research on such systems has been hampered by a lack of sufficiently large and high-quality datasets. Collecting such datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Jakub Macina , Nico Daheim , Sankalan Pal Chowdhury , Tanmay Sinha , Manu Kapur , Iryna Gurevych , Mrinmaya Sachan

Datasets are central to training machine learning (ML) models. The ML community has recently made significant improvements to data stewardship and documentation practices across the model development life cycle. However, the act of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Alexandra Sasha Luccioni , Frances Corry , Hamsini Sridharan , Mike Ananny , Jason Schultz , Kate Crawford

Automated fact-checking based on machine learning is a promising approach to identify false information distributed on the web. In order to achieve satisfactory performance, machine learning methods require a large corpus with reliable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Andreas Hanselowski , Christian Stab , Claudia Schulz , Zile Li , Iryna Gurevych

The documentation practice for machine-learned (ML) models often falls short of established practices for traditional software, which impedes model accountability and inadvertently abets inappropriate or misuse of models. Recently, model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Avinash Bhat , Austin Coursey , Grace Hu , Sixian Li , Nadia Nahar , Shurui Zhou , Christian Kästner , Jin L. C. Guo

Many AI companies are training their large language models (LLMs) on data without the permission of the copyright owners. The permissibility of doing so varies by jurisdiction: in countries like the EU and Japan, this is allowed under…

Computational research and data analytics increasingly relies on complex ecosystems of open source software (OSS) "libraries" -- curated collections of reusable code that programmers import to perform a specific task. Software documentation…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-06-01 R. Stuart Geiger , Nelle Varoquaux , Charlotte Mazel-Cabasse , Chris Holdgraf

Information about pretraining corpora used to train the current best-performing language models is seldom discussed: commercial models rarely detail their data, and even open models are often released without accompanying training data or…

The current trend in data regulation requirements and privacy-preserving machine learning has emphasized the importance of machine unlearning. The naive approach to unlearning training data by retraining over the complement of the forget…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Junaid Iqbal Khan

This paper introduces a no-code, machine-readable documentation framework for open datasets, with a focus on responsible AI (RAI) considerations. The framework aims to improve comprehensibility, and usability of open datasets, facilitating…

Background: With the rising popularity of Artificial Intelligence (AI), there is a growing need to build large and complex AI-based systems in a cost-effective and manageable way. Like with traditional software, Technical Debt (TD) will…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Justus Bogner , Roberto Verdecchia , Ilias Gerostathopoulos

High-quality labeled datasets play a crucial role in fueling the development of machine learning (ML), and in particular the development of deep learning (DL). However, since the emergence of the ImageNet dataset and the AlexNet model in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Zeyad Emam , Andrew Kondrich , Sasha Harrison , Felix Lau , Yushi Wang , Aerin Kim , Elliot Branson

Scientific reasoning is critical for developing AI scientists and supporting human researchers in advancing the frontiers of natural science discovery. However, the open-source community has primarily focused on mathematics and coding while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Run-Ze Fan , Zengzhi Wang , Pengfei Liu

Documentation-based disclosure has become a central governance strategy for responsible AI, particularly in public-sector procurement. Tools such as model cards, datasheets, and AI FactSheets are increasingly expected to support…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Blaine Kuehnert , Nari Johnson , Ravit Dotan , Hoda Heidari

Progress in AI is driven largely by the scale and quality of training data. Despite this, there is a deficit of empirical analysis examining the attributes of well-established datasets beyond text. In this work we conduct the largest and…

ChatGPT has entered classrooms, but not via the typical route of other educational technology, which includes comprehensive training, documentation, and vetting. Consequently, teachers are urgently tasked to assess its capabilities to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Mei Tan , Hariharan Subramonyam

Large Language Model (LLM) pre-training exhausts an ever growing compute budget, yet recent research has demonstrated that careful document selection enables comparable model quality with only a fraction of the FLOPs. Inspired by efforts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Xiang Kong , Tom Gunter , Ruoming Pang

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced natural language understanding and demonstrated strong problem-solving abilities. Despite these successes, most LLMs still struggle with solving mathematical problems due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Meng Fang , Xiangpeng Wan , Fei Lu , Fei Xing , Kai Zou

A prerequisite for training corpus-based machine translation (MT) systems -- either Statistical MT (SMT) or Neural MT (NMT) -- is the availability of high-quality parallel data. This is arguably more important today than ever before, as NMT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Alberto Poncelas , Dimitar Shterionov , Andy Way , Gideon Maillette de Buy Wenniger , Peyman Passban