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Measuring software complexity plays an important role to meet the demands of complex software. The cyclomatic complexity is one of most used and renowned metric among the other three proposed and researched metrics that are namely: Line of…
Code Large Language Models (Code LLMs) have opened a new era in programming with their impressive capabilities. However, recent research has revealed critical limitations in their ability to reason about runtime behavior and understand the…
Classification is an important task in many fields including biomedical research and machine learning. Traditionally, a classification rule is constructed based a bunch of labeled data. Recently, due to technological innovation and…
In regression analysis, associations between continuous predictors and the outcome are often assumed to be linear. However, modeling the associations as non-linear can improve model fit. Many flexible modeling techniques, like (fractional)…
Context: To effectively defend against ever-evolving cybersecurity threats, software systems should be made as secure as possible. To achieve this, software developers should understand potential vulnerabilities and apply secure coding…
Evaluating open-ended outputs from large language models (LLMs) remains challenging due to the absence of ground truth. Existing metrics rely on final-answer accuracy or surface-level statistics, leaving the reasoning process itself…
Selectivity estimation aims at estimating the number of database objects that satisfy a selection criterion. Answering this problem accurately and efficiently is essential to many applications, such as density estimation, outlier detection,…
What kind of problem-solving instruction can help students apply what they have learned to solve the new and unfamiliar problems they will encounter in the future? We propose that mathematical sensemaking, the practice of seeking coherence…
The equivalence test is a main part in any classification problem. It helps to prove bounds for the main parameters of the considered combinatorial structures and to study their properties. In this paper, we present algorithms for…
Recent work investigated the potential of comics to support the teaching and learning of programming concepts and suggested several ways $coding$ $strips$, a form of comic strip with its corresponding code, can be used. Building on this…
Concolic testing is a popular dynamic validation technique that can be used for both model checking and automatic test case generation. We have recently introduced concolic testing in the context of logic programming. In contrast to…
Agile methods and associated practices have been held to deliver value to software developers and customers. Research studies have reported team productivity and software quality benefits. While such insights are helpful for understanding…
Software architectural changes involve more than one module or component and are complex to analyze compared to local code changes. Development teams aiming to review architectural aspects (design) of a change commit consider many essential…
In order to track and comprehend the academic achievement of students, both private and public educational institutions devote a significant amount of resources and labour. One of the difficult issues that institutes deal with on a regular…
Many engineering optimization problems can be considered as linear programming problems where all or some of the parameters involved are linguistic in nature. These can only be quantified using fuzzy sets. The aim of this paper is to solve…
By paying more attention to semantics-based tool generation, programming language semantics can significantly increase its impact. Ultimately, this may lead to ``Language Design Assistants'' incorporating substantial amounts of semantic…
Computer science education has seen two important trends. One has been a shift from raw theory towards skills: competency-based teaching. Another has been increasing student numbers, with as a result more automation in teaching. When…
Software metrics capture information about software development processes and products. These metrics support decision-making, e.g., in team management or dependency selection. However, existing metrics tools measure only a snapshot of a…
Modern sequential recommender systems, ranging from lightweight transformer-based variants to large language models, have become increasingly prominent in academia and industry due to their strong performance in the next-item prediction…
This paper investigates code LLMs' capability of static analysis during code intelligence tasks such as code summarization and generation. Code LLMs are now household names for their abilities to do some programming tasks that have…