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Backfilling is the process of re-extracting all gallery embeddings from upgraded models in image retrieval systems. It inevitably requires a prohibitively large amount of computational cost and even entails the downtime of the service.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Seonguk Seo , Mustafa Gokhan Uzunbas , Bohyung Han , Sara Cao , Ser-Nam Lim

An effective method to improve neural machine translation with monolingual data is to augment the parallel training corpus with back-translations of target language sentences. This work broadens the understanding of back-translation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-04 Sergey Edunov , Myle Ott , Michael Auli , David Grangier

The evaluation of image captions, looking at both linguistic fluency and semantic correspondence to visual contents, has witnessed a significant effort. Still, despite advancements such as the CLIPScore metric, multilingual captioning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Gonçalo Gomes , Chrysoula Zerva , Bruno Martins

Handwritten word retrieval is vital for digital archives but remains challenging due to large handwriting variability and cross-lingual semantic gaps. While large vision-language models offer potential solutions, their prohibitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Fangke Chen , Tianhao Dong , Sirry Chen , Guobin Zhang , Yishu Zhang , Yining Chen

Automatic evaluation metrics are essential for building multilingual translation systems. The common practice of evaluating these systems is averaging metric scores across languages, yet this is suspicious since metrics may suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jingxuan Liu , Zhi Qu , Jin Tei , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Lemao Liu , Taro Watanabe

Cross-language learning allows us to use training data from one language to build models for a different language. Many approaches to bilingual learning require that we have word-level alignment of sentences from parallel corpora. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-02-07 Sarath Chandar A P , Stanislas Lauly , Hugo Larochelle , Mitesh M. Khapra , Balaraman Ravindran , Vikas Raykar , Amrita Saha

In this paper we propose a model to learn multimodal multilingual representations for matching images and sentences in different languages, with the aim of advancing multilingual versions of image search and image understanding. Our model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-25 Spandana Gella , Rico Sennrich , Frank Keller , Mirella Lapata

Continuous word representations learned separately on distinct languages can be aligned so that their words become comparable in a common space. Existing works typically solve a least-square regression problem to learn a rotation aligning a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Armand Joulin , Piotr Bojanowski , Tomas Mikolov , Herve Jegou , Edouard Grave

Referenceless metrics (e.g., CLIPScore) use pretrained vision--language models to assess image descriptions directly without costly ground-truth reference texts. Such methods can facilitate rapid progress, but only if they truly align with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Elisa Kreiss , Eric Zelikman , Christopher Potts , Nick Haber

Cross-lingual transfer of word embeddings aims to establish the semantic mappings among words in different languages by learning the transformation functions over the corresponding word embedding spaces. Successfully solving this problem…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Ruochen Xu , Yiming Yang , Naoki Otani , Yuexin Wu

We introduce the cross-match test - an exact, distribution free, high-dimensional hypothesis test as an intrinsic evaluation metric for word embeddings. We show that cross-match is an effective means of measuring distributional similarity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-05 Nishant Gurnani

Multi-modal retrieval has seen tremendous progress with the development of vision-language models. However, further improving these models require additional labelled data which is a huge manual effort. In this paper, we propose a framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Avinash Madasu , Estelle Aflalo , Gabriela Ben Melech Stan , Shachar Rosenman , Shao-Yen Tseng , Gedas Bertasius , Vasudev Lal

State of the art natural language processing tools are built on context-dependent word embeddings, but no direct method for evaluating these representations currently exists. Standard tasks and datasets for intrinsic evaluation of…

The core objective of image captioning is to achieve lossless semantic compression from visual signals into textual modalities. However, the reliance on manually curated reference texts for evaluation essentially forces models to mimic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ziyun Chen , Fan Liu , Liang Yao , Chuanyi Zhang , Yuye Ma , Wei Zhou

Existing multilingual embedding models often encounter challenges in cross-lingual scenarios due to imbalanced linguistic resources and less consideration of cross-lingual alignment during training. Although standardized contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Seungyoon Lee , Minhyuk Kim , Seongtae Hong , Youngjoon Jang , Dongsuk Oh , Heuiseok Lim

Most image-text retrieval work adopts binary labels indicating whether a pair of image and text matches or not. Such a binary indicator covers only a limited subset of image-text semantic relations, which is insufficient to represent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Zheng Li , Caili Guo , Zerun Feng , Jenq-Neng Hwang , Ying Jin , Yufeng Zhang

In an attempt to improve overall translation quality, there has been an increasing focus on integrating more linguistic elements into Machine Translation (MT). While significant progress has been achieved, especially recently with neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Karin Sim Smith , Lucia Specia

Recent advances in AI enable the automatic generation of visualizations directly from textual prompts using agentic workflows. However, visualizations produced via one-shot generative methods often suffer from insufficient quality,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Roxana Bujack , Li-Ta Lo , Ethan Stam , Ayan Biswas , David Rogers

This paper addresses the gap between general-purpose text embeddings and the specific demands of item retrieval tasks. We demonstrate the shortcomings of existing models in capturing the nuances necessary for zero-shot performance on item…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Yuxuan Lei , Jianxun Lian , Jing Yao , Mingqi Wu , Defu Lian , Xing Xie

We introduce and demonstrate how to effectively train multilingual machine translation models with pixel representations. We experiment with two different data settings with a variety of language and script coverage, demonstrating improved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Elizabeth Salesky , Neha Verma , Philipp Koehn , Matt Post