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Artificial Intelligence has gained a lot of attention recently, it has been utilized in several fields ranging from daily life activities, such as responding to emails and scheduling appointments, to manufacturing and automating work…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Mohammed O. Alannsary

Counterfactual explanations (CEs) are a practical tool for demonstrating why machine learning classifiers make particular decisions. For CEs to be useful, it is important that they are easy for users to interpret. Existing methods for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Lisa Schut , Oscar Key , Rory McGrath , Luca Costabello , Bogdan Sacaleanu , Medb Corcoran , Yarin Gal

As machine learning algorithms are increasingly applied to high impact yet high risk tasks, such as medical diagnosis or autonomous driving, it is critical that researchers can explain how such algorithms arrived at their predictions. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Ruth Fong , Andrea Vedaldi

Explainability of machine learning models is mandatory when researchers introduce these commonly believed black boxes to real-world tasks, especially high-stakes ones. In this paper, we build a machine learning system to automatically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Sishun Liu , Ke Deng , Yan Wang , Xiuzhen Zhang

Machines are being increasingly used in decision-making processes, resulting in the realization that decisions need explanations. Unfortunately, an increasing number of these deployed models are of a 'black-box' nature where the reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Sopam Dasgupta

Several explainable AI methods allow a Machine Learning user to get insights on the classification process of a black-box model in the form of local linear explanations. With such information, the user can judge which features are locally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Francesco Lomuscio , Paolo Bajardi , Alan Perotti , Elvio G. Amparore

To be considered reliable, a model must be calibrated so that its confidence in each decision closely reflects its true outcome. In this blogpost we'll take a look at the most commonly used definition for calibration and then dive into a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-16 Maja Pavlovic

A wide variety of fairness metrics and eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) approaches have been proposed in the literature to identify bias in machine learning models that are used in critical real-life contexts. However, merely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Romila Pradhan , Jiongli Zhu , Boris Glavic , Babak Salimi

Trained AI systems and expert decision makers can make errors that are often difficult to identify and understand. Determining the root cause for these errors can improve future decisions. This work presents Generative Error Model (GEM), a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Ramya Ramakrishnan , Vaibhav Unhelkar , Ece Kamar , Julie Shah

Recent research in explainability has given rise to numerous post-hoc attribution methods aimed at enhancing our comprehension of the outputs of black-box machine learning models. However, evaluating the quality of explanations lacks a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Samuel Sithakoul , Sara Meftah , Clément Feutry

The domain of explainable AI is of interest in all Machine Learning fields, and it is all the more important in clustering, an unsupervised task whose result must be validated by a domain expert. We aim at finding a clustering that has high…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Mathieu Guilbert , Christel Vrain , Thi-Bich-Hanh Dao

Explainable AI (XAI) algorithms aim to help users understand how a machine learning model makes predictions. To this end, many approaches explain which input features are most predictive of a target label. However, such explanations can…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Jiaming Qu , Jaime Arguello , Yue Wang

With the increasing importance of safety requirements associated with the use of black box models, evaluation of selective answering capability of models has been critical. Area under the curve (AUC) is used as a metric for this purpose. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Swaroop Mishra , Anjana Arunkumar , Chitta Baral

Explainability has been a challenge in AI for as long as AI has existed. With the recently increased use of AI in society, it has become more important than ever that AI systems would be able to explain the reasoning behind their results…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Kary Främling

Machine learning algorithms are increasingly used to inform critical decisions. There is a growing concern about bias, that algorithms may produce uneven outcomes for individuals in different demographic groups. In this work, we measure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Runshan Fu , Yangfan Liang , Peter Zhang

Error Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) is a successful technique in multi-class classification, which is a core problem in Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. A major advantage of ECOC over other methods is that the multi- class problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-02-22 Miguel Angel Bautista , Oriol Pujol , Fernando de la Torre , Sergio Escalera

Causal approaches to post-hoc explainability for black-box prediction models (e.g., deep neural networks trained on image pixel data) have become increasingly popular. However, existing approaches have two important shortcomings: (i) the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Numair Sani , Daniel Malinsky , Ilya Shpitser

Deep learning models are effective, yet brittle. Even carefully trained, their behavior tends to be hard to predict when confronted with out-of-distribution samples. In this work, our goal is to propose a simple yet effective solution to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Gabriela Csurka , Tyler L. Hayes , Diane Larlus , Riccardo Volpi

Although a recent shift has been made in the field of predictive process monitoring to use models from the explainable artificial intelligence field, the evaluation still occurs mainly through performance-based metrics, thus not accounting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Alexander Stevens , Johannes De Smedt

Developing and fielding complex systems requires proof that they are reliably correct with respect to their design and operating requirements. Especially for autonomous systems which exhibit unanticipated emergent behavior, fully…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Matthew Litton , Doron Drusinsky , James Bret Michael