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Conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) is a prominent risk measure in financial engineering, energy systems, and supply chain management. In these domains, Markov decision processes (MDPs) with a long-run CVaR criterion effectively mitigate cost…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Qixin Wang , Hao Cao , Jian-Qiang Hu , Mingjie Hu , Li Xia

Many large MDPs can be represented compactly using a dynamic Bayesian network. Although the structure of the value function does not retain the structure of the process, recent work has shown that value functions in factored MDPs can often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Daphne Koller , Ron Parr

In offline reinforcement learning (RL) an optimal policy is learned solely from a priori collected observational data. However, in observational data, actions are often confounded by unobserved variables. Instrumental variables (IVs), in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-16 Luofeng Liao , Zuyue Fu , Zhuoran Yang , Yixin Wang , Mladen Kolar , Zhaoran Wang

A fairly reliable trend in deep reinforcement learning is that the performance scales with the number of parameters, provided a complimentary scaling in amount of training data. As the appetite for large models increases, it is imperative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Bogdan Mazoure , Walter Talbott , Miguel Angel Bautista , Devon Hjelm , Alexander Toshev , Josh Susskind

Modern deep policy gradient methods achieve effective performance on simulated robotic tasks, but they all require large replay buffers or expensive batch updates, or both, making them incompatible for real systems with resource-limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Gautham Vasan , Mohamed Elsayed , Alireza Azimi , Jiamin He , Fahim Shariar , Colin Bellinger , Martha White , A. Rupam Mahmood

Reinforcement learning is a general technique that allows an agent to learn an optimal policy and interact with an environment in sequential decision making problems. The goodness of a policy is measured by its value function starting from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-30 C. Shi , S. Zhang , W. Lu , R. Song

Value iteration (VI) is a ubiquitous algorithm for optimal control, planning, and reinforcement learning schemes. Under the right assumptions, VI is a vital tool to generate inputs with desirable properties for the controlled system, like…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-11-23 Mathieu Granzotto , Romain Postoyan , Dragan Nešić , Lucian Buşoniu , Jamal Daafouz

Unlike traditional model-based reinforcement learning approaches that estimate system parameters from data, non-model-based data-driven control learns the optimal policy directly from input-state data without any intermediate model…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Leilei Cui , Zhong-Ping Jiang , Petter N. Kolm , Grégoire G. Macqueron

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated its ability to solve high dimensional tasks by leveraging non-linear function approximators. However, these successes are mostly achieved by 'black-box' policies in simulated domains. When…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Riad Akrour , Davide Tateo , Jan Peters

Value-based methods for reinforcement learning lack generally applicable ways to derive behavior from a value function. Many approaches involve approximate value iteration (e.g., $Q$-learning), and acting greedily with respect to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Alan Chan , Kris de Asis , Richard S. Sutton

Value iteration is a powerful yet inefficient algorithm for Markov decision processes (MDPs) because it puts the majority of its effort into backing up the entire state space, which turns out to be unnecessary in many cases. In order to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-01-17 Peng Dai , Mausam , Daniel Sabby Weld , Judy Goldsmith

Dynamic programming is a class of algorithms used to compute optimal control policies for Markov decision processes. Dynamic programming is ubiquitous in control theory, and is also the foundation of reinforcement learning. In this paper,…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-01 Jules Hedges , Riu Rodríguez Sakamoto

We study the problem of optimal state-feedback tracking control for unknown discrete-time deterministic systems with input constraints. To handle input constraints, state-of-art methods utilize a certain nonquadratic stage cost function,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-09 Alexandros Tanzanakis , John Lygeros

Imitation learning, followed by reinforcement learning algorithms, is a promising paradigm to solve complex control tasks sample-efficiently. However, learning from demonstrations often suffers from the covariate shift problem, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-14 Yuping Luo , Huazhe Xu , Tengyu Ma

Standard RL algorithms assume fixed environment dynamics and require a significant amount of interaction to adapt to new environments. We introduce Policy-Dynamics Value Functions (PD-VF), a novel approach for rapidly adapting to dynamics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Roberta Raileanu , Max Goldstein , Arthur Szlam , Rob Fergus

Entropy regularized algorithms such as Soft Q-learning and Soft Actor-Critic, recently showed state-of-the-art performance on a number of challenging reinforcement learning (RL) tasks. The regularized formulation modifies the standard RL…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-15 Elena Smirnova , Elvis Dohmatob

We present an accelerated algorithm for the solution of static Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations related to optimal control problems. Our scheme is based on a classic policy iteration procedure, which is known to have superlinear…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-02-22 Alessandro Alla , Maurizio Falcone , Dante Kalise

This paper revisits and extends the convergence and robustness properties of value and policy iteration algorithms for discrete-time linear quadratic regulator problems. In the model-based case, we extend current results concerning the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-11 Bowen Song , Chenxuan Wu , Andrea Iannelli

In this paper we propose an on-line policy iteration (PI) algorithm for finite-state infinite horizon discounted dynamic programming, whereby the policy improvement operation is done on-line, only for the states that are encountered during…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Dimitri Bertsekas

We consider infinite horizon dynamic programming problems, where the control at each stage consists of several distinct decisions, each one made by one of several agents. In an earlier work we introduced a policy iteration algorithm, where…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-05 Dimitri Bertsekas