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This paper investigates joint device identification, channel estimation, and signal detection for LEO satellite-enabled grant-free random access, where a multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) system with orthogonal time-frequency space…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Boxiao Shen , Yongpeng Wu , Wenjun Zhang , Symeon Chatzinotas , Björn Ottersten

Driven by both technological development and practical demands, the low-altitude economy relying on low-altitude aircrafts (LAAs) is booming. However, neither satellites nor terrestrial fifth-generation (5G) networks alone can effectively…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yanmin Wang , Wei Feng , Yunfei Chen , Baoquan Ren , Qingqing Wu , Cheng-Xiang Wang

In a time-division broadcast positioning system (TDBPS), localizing mobile targets using classical time difference of arrival (TDOA) methods poses significant challenges. Concurrent TDOA measurements are infeasible because targets receive…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Chenxin Tu , Xiaowei Cui , Gang Liu , Sihao Zhao , Mingquan Lu

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite navigation signal can be used as an opportunity signal in case of a Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) outage, or as an enhancement means of traditional GNSS positioning algorithms. No matter which…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-01 Liang Chen , Xiangchen Lu , Nan Shen , Lei Wang , Yuan Zhuang , Ye Su , Deren Li , Ruizhi Chen

As low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems are gaining increasing popularity, new theoretical methodologies are required to investigate such networks' performance at large. This is because deterministic and location-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-06 Niloofar Okati , Taneli Riihonen , Dani Korpi , Ilari Angervuori , Risto Wichman

A mega-constellation of low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites has the potential to enable long-range communication with low latency. Integrating this with burgeoning unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assisted non-terrestrial networks will be a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Ju-Hyung Lee , Jihong Park , Mehdi Bennis , Young-Chai Ko

This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of Angle of Arrival (AoA) estimation techniques in 5G environments, using the Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) in Uplink scenarios both in simulations and with actual measurements. Leveraging…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Thodoris Spanos , Fran Fabra , José A. López-Salcedo , Gonzalo Seco-Granados , Nikos Kanistras , Ivan Lapin , Vassilis Paliouras

As a key complement to terrestrial networks and a fundamental component of future 6G systems, Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks are expected to provide high-quality communication services when integrated with ground-based…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Zixuan Song , Zhishu Shen , Xiaoyu Zheng , Qiushi Zheng , Zheng Lei , Jiong Jin

This paper proposes a new architecture for the low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite ground station aided by movable antenna (MA) array. Unlike conventional fixed-position antenna (FPA), the MA array can flexibly adjust antenna positions to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Jinming Wang , Lipeng Zhu , Shuai Han , He Sun , Rui Zhang

This paper investigates an analytical model for low-earth orbit (LEO) multi-satellite downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks. The satellites transmit data to multiple NOMA user terminals (UTs), each employing successive…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Xiangyu Li , Bodong Shang , Qingqing Wu , Chao Ren

The integration of non-terrestrial networks (NTN) into 5G new radio (NR) enables a new class of positioning capabilities based on cellular signals transmitted by Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. In this paper, we investigate joint…

In this paper, we investigate the performance of large-scale heterogeneous low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks in the context of three association schemes. In contrast to existing studies, where single-tier LEO satellite-based network…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Yuan Guo , Christodoulos Skouroumounis , Symeon Chatzinotas , Ioannis Krikidis

This paper investigates joint device identification, channel estimation, and symbol detection for LEO satellite-enabled grant-free random access systems, specifically targeting scenarios where remote Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices operate…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Boxiao Shen , Yongpeng Wu , Wenjun Zhang , Symeon Chatzinotas , Björn Ottersten

Accurate positioning is a key enabler for emerging 5G applications. While the standardized Location Management Function (LMF) operates centrally within the core network, its scalability and latency limitations hinder low-latency and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Alberto Ceresoli , Viola Bernazzoli , Roberto Pegurri , Ilario Filippini

In Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-denied environments, terrestrial signals of opportunity (SoOP) offer an alternative for positioning, but synchronization impairments such as clock offsets, drift, and multipath limit performance.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-27 Mustafa Furkan Beker , Abdullah Tan , Khaled Walid Elgammal , Mehmet Kemal Ozdemir

Satellite systems face a significant challenge in effectively utilizing limited communication resources to meet the demands of ground network traffic, characterized by asymmetrical spatial distribution and time-varying characteristics.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Sheikh Salman Hassan , Yu Min Park , Yan Kyaw Tun , Walid Saad , Zhu Han , Choong Seon Hong

In two-way time-of-arrival (TOA) systems, a user device (UD) obtains its position and timing information by round-trip communications to a number of anchor nodes (ANs) at known locations. Compared with the one-way TOA technique, the two-way…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-09 Sihao Zhao , Xiao-Ping Zhang , Xiaowei Cui , Mingquan Lu

The computation of positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) via signal of opportunity (SOP), where signals originally transmitted for communication, such as 5G, Wi-Fi, or DVB-S, are exploited due to their ubiquity and spectral…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-22 Francesco Zanirato , Alessio Curzio , Francesco Ardizzon , Elisa Sbalchiero , Luca Canzian , Stefano Tomasin , Nicola Laurenti , Jaron Samson

To avoid the unpredictable phase deviations of the spaceborne phased array (SPA), this paper considers the over-the-air (OTA) phase calibration of the SPA for the low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communications, where the phase deviations of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-13 Wei Zhang , Ding Chen , Bin Zhou

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks with mega constellations have the potential to provide 5G and beyond services ubiquitously. However, these networks may introduce mutual interference to both satellite and terrestrial networks,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-23 Daeun Kim , Jeonghun Park , Jinseok Choi , Namyoon Lee