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We study the m-eternal domination problem from the perspective of the attacker. For many graph classes, the minimum required number of guards to defend eternally is known. By definition, if the defender has less than the required number of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Václav Blažej , Jan Matyáš Křišťan , Tomáš Valla

In this work, we analyze a sequential game played in a graph called the Multilevel Critical Node problem (MCN). A defender and an attacker are the players of this game. The defender starts by preventively interdicting vertices (vaccination)…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Adel Nabli , Margarida Carvalho , Pierre Hosteins

We study a variant of the chip-firing game called the diffusion game. In the diffusion game, we begin with some integer labelling of the vertices of a graph, interpreted as a number of chips on each vertex, and then for each subsequent step…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-16 Andrew Carlotti , Rebekah Herrman

In this paper we study the complexity of the firefighter problem and related problems on trees when more than one firefighter is available at each time step, and answer several open questions of Finbow and MacGillivray 2009. More precisely,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-10-04 Cristina Bazgan , Morgan Chopin , Bernard Ries

Graph burning is a discrete time process which can be used to model the spread of social contagion. One is initially given a graph of unburned vertices. At each round (time step), one vertex is burned; unburned vertices with at least one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-25 Yukihiro Murakami

Given a graph $G = (V, E)$, a non-empty set $S \subseteq V$ is a defensive alliance, if for every vertex $v \in S$, the majority of its closed neighbours are in $S$, that is, $|N_G[v] \cap S| \geq |N_G[v] \setminus S|$. The decision version…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Sangam Balchandar Reddy , Anjeneya Swami Kare

In the eternal vertex cover problem, mobile guards on the vertices of a graph are used to defend it against an infinite sequence of attacks on its edges by moving to neighbor vertices. The eternal vertex cover problem consists in…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Tiziana Calamoneri , Federico Corò

It is known that the online firefighting is 2-competitive on trees (Coupechoux et al. 2019), which suggests that the problem is relatively easy on trees. We extend the study to graphs containing cycles. We first show that the presence of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Max Hugen , Bob Krekelberg , Alison Hsiang-Hsuan Liu

Motivated by the burning and cooling processes, the burning game is introduced. The game is played on a graph $G$ by the two players (Burner and Staller) that take turns selecting vertices of $G$ to burn; as in the burning process, burning…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-18 Nina Chiarelli , Vesna Iršič , Marko Jakovac , William B. Kinnersley , Mirjana Mikalački

Graph burning runs on discrete time steps. The aim is to burn all the vertices in a given graph in the least number of time steps. This number is known to be the burning number of the graph. The spread of social influence, an alarm, or a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Arya Tanmay Gupta , Swapnil A. Lokhande , Kaushik Mondal

We study a variant of the chip-firing game called \emph{diffusion}. In diffusion on a graph, each vertex of the graph is initially labelled with an integer interpreted as the number of chips at that vertex, and at each subsequent step, each…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-06 Jason Long , Bhargav Narayanan

Graph burning is a discrete-time process on graphs, where vertices are sequentially burned, and burned vertices cause their neighbours to burn over time. We consider extremal properties of this process in the new setting where the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-15 Anthony Bonato , Karen Gunderson , Amy Shaw

We consider the complexity of the firefighter problem where b>=1 firefighters are available at each time step. This problem is proved NP-complete even on trees of degree at most three and budget one (Finbow et al.,2007) and on trees of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-04-29 Janka Chlebíková , Morgan Chopin

The broadcasting problem concerns the efficient dissemination of information in graphs. In classical broadcasting, a single originator vertex initially has a message to be transmitted to all vertices. Every vertex which has received the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-02 David Evangelista , Hovhannes A. Harutyunyan , Aram Khanlari

In 2006, Alberto Bressan suggested the following problem. Suppose a circular fire spreads in the Euclidean plane at unit speed. The task is to build, in real time, barrier curves to contain the fire. At each time $t$ the total length of all…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Sang-Sub Kim , Rolf Klein , David Kübel , Elmar Langetepe , Barbara Schwarzwald

Unit disk graphs are the set of graphs which represent the intersection of disk graphs and interval graphs. These graphs are of great importance due to their structural similarity with wireless communication networks. Firefighter problem on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Diptendu Chatterjee , Rishiraj Bhattacharyya

In this article, we study Hartnell's Firefighter Problem through the group theoretic notions of growth and quasi-isometry. A graph has the $n$-containment property if for every finite initial fire, there is a strategy to contain the fire by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-25 Danny Dyer , Eduardo Martinez-Pedroza , Brandon Thorne

We address a problem of area protection in graph-based scenarios with multiple agents. The problem consists of two adversarial teams of agents that move in an undirected graph shared by both teams. Agents are placed in vertices of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-25 Marika Ivanová , Pavel Surynek

Graph burning is one model for the spread of memes and contagion in social networks. The corresponding graph parameter is the burning number of a graph $G$, written $b(G)$, which measures the speed of the social contagion. While it is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-01 Anthony Bonato , Thomas Lidbetter

The paper studies a dynamic blocking problem, motivated by a model of optimal fire confinement. While the fire can expand with unit speed in all directions, barriers are constructed in real time. An optimal strategy is sought, minimizing…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-12-03 Alberto Bressan , Maria Teresa Chiri