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In this paper, we associate the idea of derivation languages with flat splicing systems and compare the families of derivation languages (Szilard and control languages) of these systems with the family of languages in Chomsky hierarchy. We…
We introduce a new class of straight-line programs (SLPs), named the Lyndon SLP, inspired by the Lyndon trees (Barcelo, 1990). Based on this SLP, we propose a self-index data structure of $O(g)$ words of space that can be built from a…
We introduce a new notion of a relational word as a finite totally ordered set of positions endowed with three binary relations that describe which positions are labeled by equal data, by unequal data and those having an undefined relation…
The combinatorics of RNA plays a central role in biology. Mathematical biologists have several commonly-used models for RNA: words in a fixed alphabet (representing the primary sequence of nucleotides) and plane trees (representing the…
In this paper, we study arbitrary subword-closed languages over the alphabet $\{0,1\}$ (binary subword-closed languages). For the set of words $L(n)$ of the length $n$ belonging to a binary subword-closed language $L$, we investigate the…
We consider fragments of first-order logic and as models we allow finite and infinite words simultaneously. The only binary relations apart from equality are order comparison < and the successor predicate +1. We give characterizations of…
An alternating colouring function is defined on strings over the alphabet $\{0, 1\}$. It divides the strings in colourable and non-colourable ones. The points in the subshift of finite type defined by forbidding all non-colourable strings…
A de Bruijn covering code is a q-ary string S so that every q-ary string is at most R symbol changes from some n-word appearing consecutively in S. We introduce these codes and prove that they can have length close to the smallest possible…
Configurations are necklaces with prescribed numbers of red and black beads. Among all possible configurations, the regular one plays an important role in many applications. In this paper, several aspects of regular configurations are…
Given a pattern $P$ and a text $T$, both strings over a binary alphabet, the binary jumbled string matching problem consists in telling whether any permutation of $P$ occurs in $T$. The indexed version of this problem, i.e., preprocessing a…
This paper proposes a generalization of the recently introduced Successive Cancellation Flip (SCFlip) decoding of polar codes, characterized by a number of extra decoding attempts, where one or several positions are flipped from the…
The evolution of natural languages poses a riddle to any theoretical perspective based on efficiency considerations. If languages are already optimally effective means of organization and communication of thought, why do they change? And if…
We consider words over a binary alphabet. A word $w$ is overlap-free if it does not have factors (blocks of consecutive letters) of the form $uvuvu$ for nonempty $u$. Let $M(w)$ denote the number of positions that are middle positions of…
In rule-based systems, goal-oriented computations correspond naturally to the possible ways that an observation may be explained. In some applications, we need to compute explanations for a series of observations with the same domain. The…
In this paper we investigate enumeration of some classes of $n$-character strings and binary necklaces. Recall that binary necklaces are necklaces in two colors with length $n$. We prove three results (Theorems 1, 1' and 2) concerning the…
A deep-learning-aided successive-cancellation list (DL-SCL) decoding algorithm for polar codes is introduced with deep-learning-aided successive-cancellation (DL-SC) decoding being a specific case of it. The DL-SCL decoder works by allowing…
Bit flipping can be used as a postprocessing technique to further improve the performance for successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding of polar codes. However, the number of bit-flipping trials could increase the decoding latency…
A complementary Gray code for binary n-tuples is one that, when all the tuples are complemented, is identical to itself; this is equivalent to the complement of the first half of the code being identical to the second half. We generalize…
Zipf's law predicts a power-law relationship between word rank and frequency in language communication systems and has been widely reported in a variety of natural language processing applications. However, the emergence of natural language…
Let $\mathcal{SS}_k(n)$ be the family of {\it shuffle squares} in $[k]^{2n}$, words that can be partitioned into two disjoint identical subsequences. Let $\mathcal{RSS}_k(n)$ be the family of {\it reverse shuffle squares} in $[k]^{2n}$,…