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Federated learning (FL) enhances privacy by keeping user data on local devices. However, emerging attacks have demonstrated that the updates shared by users during training can reveal significant information about their data. This has…

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a transformative paradigm in the field of distributed machine learning, enabling multiple clients such as mobile devices, edge nodes, or organizations to collaboratively train a shared global model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ratun Rahman

Watermarking is a commonly used strategy to protect creators' rights to digital images, videos and audio. Recently, watermarking methods have been extended to deep learning models -- in principle, the watermark should be preserved when an…

The current standalone deep learning framework tends to result in overfitting and low utility. This problem can be addressed by either a centralized framework that deploys a central server to train a global model on the joint data from all…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Lingjuan Lyu , Jiangshan Yu , Karthik Nandakumar , Yitong Li , Xingjun Ma , Jiong Jin , Han Yu , Kee Siong Ng

In decentralized machine learning paradigms such as Split Federated Learning (SFL) and its variant U-shaped SFL, the server's capabilities are severely restricted. Although this enhances client-side privacy, it also leaves the server highly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Zhengchunmin Dai , Jiaxiong Tang , Peng Sun , Honglong Chen , Liantao Wu

In this paper, we propose a novel DNN watermarking method that utilizes a learnable image transformation method with a secret key. The proposed method embeds a watermark pattern in a model by using learnable transformed images and allows us…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-12 MaungMaung AprilPyone , Hitoshi Kiya

The state of the art performance of deep learning models comes at a high cost for companies and institutions, due to the tedious data collection and the heavy processing requirements. Recently, [35, 22] proposed to watermark convolutional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Erwan Le Merrer , Patrick Perez , Gilles Trédan

Current deep learning (DL)-based palmprint verification models rely on centralized training with large datasets, which raises significant privacy concerns due to biometric data's sensitive and immutable nature. Federated learning~(FL), a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Ziyuan Yang , Yingyu Chen , Chengrui Gao , Andrew Beng Jin Teoh , Bob Zhang , Yi Zhang

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to malicious fine-tuning attacks such as data poisoning and backdoor attacks. Therefore, in recent research, it is proposed how to detect malicious fine-tuning of neural network models. However, it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Zhaoxia Yin , Heng Yin , Xinpeng Zhang

Federated learning (FL) emerged as a paradigm designed to improve data privacy by enabling data to reside at its source, thus embedding privacy as a core consideration in FL architectures, whether centralized or decentralized. Contrasting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Wenrui Yu , Qiongxiu Li , Milan Lopuhaä-Zwakenberg , Mads Græsbøll Christensen , Richard Heusdens

Data watermarking in language models injects traceable signals, such as specific token sequences or stylistic patterns, into copyrighted text, allowing copyright holders to track and verify training data ownership. Previous data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Xinyue Cui , Johnny Tian-Zheng Wei , Swabha Swayamdipta , Robin Jia

As microelectronics flourish and outsourcing of the design and manufacturing stages of integrated circuits (ICs) and printed circuit boards (PCBs) becomes the norm, microelectronics stakeholders must also confront a new wave of security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Gijung Lee , Wavid Bowman , Olivia Dizon-Paradis , Reiner Dizon-Paradis , Ronald Wilson , Damon Woodard , Domenic Forte

Protecting the Intellectual Property rights of DNN models is of primary importance prior to their deployment. So far, the proposed methods either necessitate changes to internal model parameters or the machine learning pipeline, or they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Kassem Kallas , Teddy Furon

Watermarking is broadly utilized to protect ownership of shared data while preserving data utility. However, existing watermarking methods for tabular datasets fall short on the desired properties (detectability, non-intrusiveness, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Yihao Zheng , Haocheng Xia , Junyuan Pang , Jinfei Liu , Kui Ren , Lingyang Chu , Yang Cao , Li Xiong

The protection of intellectual property has become critical due to the rapid growth of three-dimensional content in digital media. Unlike traditional images or videos, 3D point clouds present unique challenges for copyright enforcement, as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Khandoker Ashik Uz Zaman , Mohammad Zahangir Alam , Mohammed N. M. Ali , Mahdi H. Miraz

Nowadays, Deep Neural Networks are widely applied to various domains. However, massive data collection required for deep neural network reveals the potential privacy issues and also consumes large mounts of communication bandwidth. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Sheng Lin , Chenghong Wang , Hongjia Li , Jieren Deng , Yanzhi Wang , Caiwen Ding

Federated Learning (FL) has evolved as a powerful tool for collaborative model training across multiple entities, ensuring data privacy in sensitive sectors such as healthcare and finance. However, the introduction of the Right to Be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Kahou Tam , Kewei Xu , Li Li , Huazhu Fu

In order to protect the intellectual property (IP) of deep neural networks (DNNs), many existing DNN watermarking techniques either embed watermarks directly into the DNN parameters or insert backdoor watermarks by fine-tuning the DNN…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Xiangyu Zhao , Yinzhe Yao , Hanzhou Wu , Xinpeng Zhang

Backdoor-based watermarking schemes were proposed to protect the intellectual property of artificial intelligence models, especially deep neural networks, under the black-box setting. Compared with ordinary backdoors, backdoor-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Fangqi Li , Shilin Wang , Yun Zhu

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a privacy solution for collaborative distributed learning where clients train AI models directly on their devices instead of sharing their data with a centralized (potentially adversarial) server.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Haleh Hayati , Carlos Murguia , Nathan van de Wouw