Related papers: Circuit bases for randomisation
System modeling is a classical approach to ensure their reliability since it is suitable both for a formal verification and for software testing techniques. In the context of model-based testing an approach combining random testing and…
Randomized benchmarking (RB) is an efficient and robust method to characterize gate errors in quantum circuits. Averaging over random sequences of gates leads to estimates of gate errors in terms of the average fidelity. These estimates are…
Generalizability and transportability methods have been proposed to address the external validity bias of randomized clinical trials that results from differences in the distribution of treatment effect modifiers between trial and target…
The conclusions of randomized controlled trials may be biased when the outcome of one unit depends on the treatment status of other units, a problem known as interference. In this work, we study interference in the setting of one-sided…
This paper presents the foundations of a computer oriented approach for preparing a list of random treatment assignments to be adopted in randomised controlled trials. Software is presented which can be applied in the earliest stage of…
This paper continues the application of circuit theory to experimental design started by the first two authors. The theory gives a very special and detailed representation of the kernel of the design model matrix. This representation turns…
Classical randomized experiments, equipped with randomization-based inference, provide assumption-free inference for treatment effects. They have been the gold standard for drawing causal inference and provide excellent internal validity.…
The efficacy of an intervention can be assessed by randomizing patients to different diagnostic tests instead of directly to an intervention and control. This principle is applied by allocating individuals to intervention if the test result…
Random quantum circuits take an input quantum state and randomize it. This is a task with a growing number of identified uses in quantum information processing. We suggest a scheme to implement random circuits in a weighted graph state. The…
Restricting randomization in the design of experiments (e.g., using blocking/stratification, pair-wise matching, or rerandomization) can improve the treatment-control balance on important covariates and therefore improve the estimation of…
Genetic circuit design is a well-studied problem in synthetic biology. Ever since the first genetic circuits -- the repressilator and the toggle switch -- were designed and implemented, many advances have been made in this area of research.…
Randomized benchmarking provides a tool for obtaining precise quantitative estimates of the average error rate of a physical quantum channel. Here we define real randomized benchmarking, which enables a separate determination of the average…
We present a set of methods to generate less complex error channels by quantum circuit parallelisation. The resulting errors are simplified as a consequence of their symmetrisation and randomisation. Initially, the case of a single error…
We demonstrate the advantages of randomization in coherent quantum dynamical control. For systems which are either time-varying or require decoupling cycles involving a large number of operations, we find that simple randomized protocols…
Control scenarios have been identified where the use of randomized design may substantially improve the performance of dynamical decoupling methods [L. F. Santos and L. Viola, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 97}, 150501 (2006)]. Here, by focusing on…
Randomness is an indispensable resource in modern science and information technology. Fortunately, an experimentally simple procedure exists to generate randomness with well-characterized devices: measuring a quantum system in a basis…
Increasingly sophisticated programmable quantum simulators and quantum computers are opening unprecedented opportunities for exploring and exploiting the properties of highly entangled complex quantum systems. The complexity of large…
Sampling from a probability distribution is a core task in many quantum and classical algorithms. Variational quantum circuits provide a natural approach to generating such distributions, as measurement outcomes directly define the…
This article studies experimental design in settings where the experimental units are large aggregate entities (e.g., markets), and only one or a small number of units can be exposed to the treatment. In such settings, randomization of the…
Comparison and contrast are the basic means to unveil causation and learn which treatments work. To build good comparison groups, randomized experimentation is key, yet often infeasible. In such non-experimental settings, we illustrate and…