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The goal of cryptocurrencies is decentralization. In principle, all currencies have equal status. Unlike traditional stock markets, there is no default currency of denomination (fiat), thus the trading pairs can be set freely. However, it…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-03-07 Di Zhang , Youzhou Zhou

In this paper, we investigate two methods that allow us to automatically create profitable DeFi trades, one well-suited to arbitrage and the other applicable to more complicated settings. We first adopt the Bellman-Ford-Moore algorithm with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Liyi Zhou , Kaihua Qin , Antoine Cully , Benjamin Livshits , Arthur Gervais

Decentralized Exchanges (DEXs) are now a significant component of the financial world where billions of dollars are traded daily. Differently from traditional markets, which are typically based on Limit Order Books, DEXs typically work as…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-28 Daniele Maria Di Nosse , Federico Gatta , Fabrizio Lillo , Sebastian Jaimungal

Automated Market Maker (AMM)-based Decentralized Exchanges (DEXs) are crucial in Decentralized Finance (DeFi), but Ethereum implementations suffer from high transaction costs and price synchronization challenges. To address these…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Walter Hernandez Cruz , Firas Dahi , Yebo Feng , Jiahua Xu , Aanchal Malhotra , Paolo Tasca

This study provides a practical introduction to high-frequency trading in blockchain-based currency markets. These types of markets have some specific characteristics that differentiate them from the stock markets, such as a large number of…

General Economics · Economics 2023-04-19 Vittorio Astarita

Blockchains, and specifically smart contracts, have promised to create fair and transparent trading ecosystems. Unfortunately, we show that this promise has not been met. We document and quantify the widespread and rising deployment of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Philip Daian , Steven Goldfeder , Tyler Kell , Yunqi Li , Xueyuan Zhao , Iddo Bentov , Lorenz Breidenbach , Ari Juels

In peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading, a secured infrastructure is required to manage trade and record monetary transactions. A central server/authority can be used for this. But there is a risk of central authority influencing the energy…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Nitin Singha , V Shreyas , Sandeep Kumar

The asset trading volume on blockchain-based exchanges (DEX) increased substantially since the advent of Automated Market Makers (AMM). Yet, AMMs and their forks compete on the same blockchain, incurring unnecessary network and block-space…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Liyi Zhou , Kaihua Qin , Arthur Gervais

Layer 2 rollups are rapidly absorbing DeFi activity, securing over $40 billion and accounting for nearly half of Ethereum's DEX volume by Q1 2025, yet their MEV dynamics remain understudied. We address this gap by defining and quantifying…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Ozan Solmaz , Lioba Heimbach , Yann Vonlanthen , Roger Wattenhofer

Automated Market Makers (AMMs) are decentralized applications that allow users to exchange crypto-tokens without the need for a matching exchange order. AMMs are one of the most successful DeFi use cases: indeed, major AMM platforms process…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Massimo Bartoletti , James Hsin-yu Chiang , Alberto Lluch-Lafuente

Decentralized exchanges (DEXes) have evolved dramatically since the introduction of Automated Market Makers (AMMs). In recent years, solver-based protocols have emerged as an alternative venue aiming to introduce competition for routing,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Yuki Yuminaga , Dex Chen , Danning Sui

We study the economic viability of liquidity provision in decentralised exchanges (DEXs) within a structural framework in which market outcomes are endogenous. We formulate strategic interactions as a sequential game: a risk-averse…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2026-03-05 Fayçal Drissi , Xuchen Wu , Sebastian Jaimungal

Blockchain's economic value lies in enabling financial and economic transactions without relying on trusted, centralized intermediaries. In practice, however, transactions pass through a fragmented chain of intermediaries before being…

General Economics · Economics 2026-05-05 Andrea Canidio , Vabuk Pahari

Opening up data produced by the Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile devices for public utilization can maximize their economic value. Challenges remain in the trustworthiness of the data sources and the security of the trading process,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yue Li , Ifteher Alom , Wenhai Sun , Yang Xiao

This empirical study presents the Decentralized Exchanges Comparison Service (DECS), a novel tool developed by 1inch Analytics to assess exchange efficiency in decentralized finance. The DECS utilizes swap transaction monitoring and…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-11-05 Evgenii Onishchuk , Maksim Dubovitskii , Eduard Horch

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is a rapidly evolving segment of blockchain technology that enables a transformative approach to financial services through Web3 applications. By leveraging smart contracts, DeFi allows developers to build…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Ignat Melnikov , Roman Vlasov , Vladimir Gorgadze , Andrey Seoev , Yury Yanovich

Decentralized exchanges, such as those employing constant product market makers (CPMMs) like Uniswap V2, play a crucial role in the blockchain ecosystem by enabling peer-to-peer token swaps without intermediaries. Despite the increasing…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-04-23 Yu Zhang , Yafei Li , Claudio Tessone

Automated market makers (AMMs) are a new prototype of decentralised exchanges which are revolutionising market interactions. The majority of AMMs are constant product markets (CPMs) where exchange rates are set by a trading function. This…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-06-19 Álvaro Cartea , Fayçal Drissi , Marcello Monga

Automated market makers are a popular mechanism used on decentralized exchange, through which users trade assets with each other directly and automatically through a liquidity pool and a fixed pricing function. The liquidity provider…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-11-27 Xue Dong He , Chen Yang , Yutian Zhou

Cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum have recently gained a lot of popularity, not only as a digital form of currency but also as an investment vehicle. Online marketplaces and exchanges allow users across the world to convert…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-07-17 Francesco Bortolussi , Zeger Hoogeboom , Frank W. Takes