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Turbulence in protoplanetary disks affects dust evolution and planetesimal formation. The vertical shear instability (VSI) is one of the candidate turbulence-driving mechanisms in the outer disk region. Since the VSI requires rapid gas…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-03 Yuya Fukuhara , Mario Flock , Satoshi Okuzumi , Ryosuke T. Tominaga

The spatial distribution of dust particles in protoplanetary disks affects dust evolution and planetesimal formation processes. The vertical shear instability (VSI) is one of the candidate hydrodynamic mechanisms that can generate…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-25 Yuya Fukuhara , Satoshi Okuzumi

Context. Gas in protoplanetary disks mostly cools via thermal accommodation with dust particles. Thermal relaxation is thus highly sensitive to the local dust size distributions and the spatial distribution of the grains. So far, the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-26 Thomas Pfeil , Til Birnstiel , Hubert Klahr

The vertical shear instability (VSI) offers a potential hydrodynamic mechanism for angular momentum transport in protoplanetary disks (PPDs). The VSI is driven by a weak vertical gradient in the disk's orbital motion, but must overcome…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-23 Min-Kai Lin , Andrew N. Youdin

Turbulence has a profound impact on the evolution of gas and dust in protoplanetary disks (PPDs), from driving the collisions and the diffusion of dust grains, to the concentration of pebbles in giant vortices, thus, facilitating…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-19 Thomas Pfeil , Hubert Klahr

The vertical shear instability (VSI) is a hydrodynamical instability likely to produce turbulence in the dead zones of protoplanetary disks. Various aspects of this instability remain to be understood, including the disk regions where it…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-19 Julio David Melon Fuksman , Mario Flock , Hubert Klahr

Turbulence in protoplanetary disks plays an important role in dust evolution and planetesimal formation. The vertical shear instability (VSI) is one of the candidate hydrodynamic mechanisms that can generate turbulence in the outer disk…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-25 Yuya Fukuhara , Satoshi Okuzumi , Tomohiro Ono

Protoplanetary disks exhibit a vertical gradient in angular momentum, rendering them susceptible to the Vertical Shear Instability (VSI). The most important condition for the onset of this mechanism is a short timescale of thermal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-18 Thomas Pfeil , Til Birnstiel , Hubert Klahr

We studied the linear and nonlinear evolution of the Vertical Shear Instability (VSI) in axisymmetric models of protoplanetary disks, focusing on the transport of angular momentum, the produced temperature perturbations, and the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-19 Julio David Melon Fuksman , Mario Flock , Hubert Klahr

The interaction between gas and dust in protoplanetary disks (PPDs) plays a crucial role in setting the stage of planet formation. In particular, the streaming instability (SI) is well recognized as the mechanism for planetesimal formation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-25 Pinghui Huang , Xue-Ning Bai

Vertical shear instability (VSI), driven by a vertical gradient of rotational angular velocity, is a promising source of turbulence in protoplanetary disks. We examine the semi-global stability of thermally stratified disks and find that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-16 Han-Gyeol Yun , Woong-Tae Kim , Jaehan Bae , Cheongho Han

The vertical shear instability (VSI) is widely believed to be effective in driving turbulence in protoplanetary disks. Prior studies on VSI exclusively exploit the reflecting boundary conditions (BCs) at the disk surfaces. VSI depends…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-13 Yuzi Wu , Cong Yu , Can Cui

We investigate the evolution of dust and gas in the vicinity of local pressure enhancements (pressure bumps) in a protoplanetary disc (PPD) with turbulence due to the Vertical Shear Instability (VSI). We perform global 2D axisymmetric and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-14 Marius Lehmann , Min-Kai Lin

The origin of turbulence in accretion discs is still not fully understood. While the magneto-rotational instability is considered to operate in sufficiently ionized discs, its role in the poorly ionized protoplanetary disc is questionable.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-03 Moritz H. R. Stoll , Wilhelm Kley

We conduct three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations to investigate the nonlinear outcomes and observability of vertical shear instability (VSI) in protoplanetary disks. Our models include both vertically isothermal and thermally…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-16 Han-Gyeol Yun , Woong-Tae Kim , Jaehan Bae , Cheongho Han

Among the candidates for generating turbulence in accretion discs in situations with low intrinsic ionization the vertical shear instability (VSI) has become an interesting candidate, as it relies purely on a vertical gradient in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-19 Moritz H. R. Stoll , Wilhelm Kley

Protoplanetary discs (PPDs) can host a number of instabilities that may partake directly or indirectly in the process of planetesimal formation. These include the Vertical Shear Instability (VSI), Convective Overstability (COS), Streaming…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-17 Marius Lehmann , Min-Kai Lin

Theoretical models of the ionization state in protoplanetary disks suggest the existence of large areas with low ionization and weak coupling between the gas and magnetic fields. In this regime hydrodynamical instabilities may become…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-22 Mario Flock , Neal J. Turner , Richard P. Nelson , Wladimir Lyra , Natascha Manger , Hubert Klahr

Protoplanetary discs should exhibit a weak vertical variation in their rotation profiles. Typically this `vertical shear' issues from a baroclinic effect driven by the central star's radiation field, but it might also arise during the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-26 Henrik N. Latter , Matthew W. Kunz

Turbulence is crucial for protoplanetary disk dynamics, and Vertical Shear Instability (VSI) is a promising mechanism in outer disk regions to generate turbulence. We use Athena++ radiation module to study VSI in full and transition disks,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-12 Shangjia Zhang , Zhaohuan Zhu , Yan-Fei Jiang
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