Related papers: Information theory based Electron Paramagnetic Res…
Infrared surveys provide essential insights on galaxy evolution. If near-IR studies suggest mild evolution of stellar populations with cosmic time, indications of a substantial evolution have been seen in the far-IR, although the available…
Although the notion of entropy lies at the core of statistical mechanics, it is not often used in statistical mechanical models to characterize phase transitions, a role more usually played by quantities such as various order parameters,…
The next decade of survey astronomy has the potential to transform our knowledge of variable stars. Stellar variability underpins our knowledge of the cosmological distance ladder, and provides direct tests of stellar formation and…
We describe the application of data mining algorithms to research problems in astronomy. We posit that data mining has always been fundamental to astronomical research, since data mining is the basis of evidence-based discovery, including…
Direct imaging of cosmic-ray-induced particle showers during daylight is a long-standing challenge in astroparticle physics. A promising avenue for capturing images of these showers is through the radio emissions generated by their…
In many studies of environmental change of the past few centuries, 210Pb dating is used to obtain chronologies for sedimentary sequences. One of the most commonly used approaches to estimate the ages of depths in a sequence is to assume a…
In order to provide atomic data needed for astrophysical investigations, a set of electron-impact broadening parameters for ionized rare-earth element lines should be calculated. We are going to calculate the electron-impact broadening…
The manifold of empirical mean values of statistical data ad infinitum has a geometric shape that depends on the probability measure that governs the generating model. Large deviation theory produces entropy functions that depend on both…
Historically, electron spin resonance (ESR) has provided excellent insight into the electronic, magnetic, and chemical structure of samples hosting spin centers. In particular, the hyperfine interaction between the electron and the nuclear…
We present a novel statistical algorithm, Stellar Ages, which currently infers the age, metallicity, and extinction posterior distributions of stellar populations from their magnitudes. While this paper focuses on these parameters, the…
Cosmic shear is a key probe of modern cosmology. Amongst its challenges are shape noise and intrinsic alignments, both due to our ignorance of the unlensed shape of the source galaxies. I argue here that Einstein rings may be used as…
We discuss the problem of the electron mass in the framework of Deformed Special Relativity (DSR), a generalization of Special Relativity based on a deformed Minkowski space (i.e. a four-dimensional space-time with metric coefficients…
This comprehensive review examines electrical and seismic refraction methods, emphasizing their advanced applications in electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and seismic refraction tomography (SRT). These techniques are crucial for…
The capacity to integrate information is a prominent feature of biological and cognitive systems. Integrated Information Theory (IIT) provides a mathematical approach to quantify the level of integration in a system, yet its computational…
The global 21 cm signal from Cosmic Dawn (CD) and the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), at redshifts $z \sim 6-30$, probes the nature of first sources of radiation as well as physics of the Inter-Galactic Medium (IGM). Given that the signal is…
The dynamical ellipticity of a planet expresses the departure of its mass distribution from spherical symmetry. It enters as a parameter in the description of a planet's precession and nutation, as well as other rotational normal modes. In…
Coherent spin resonance methods, such as nuclear magnetic resonance and electron spin resonance spectroscopy, have led to spectrally highly sensitive, non-invasive quantum imaging techniques. Here, we propose a pump-probe spin resonance…
Item response theory (IRT) has become one of the most popular statistical models for psychometrics, a field of study concerned with the theory and techniques of psychological measurement. The IRT models are latent factor models tailored to…
Information theory is a mathematical theory of learning with deep connections with topics as diverse as artificial intelligence, statistical physics, and biological evolution. Many primers on information theory paint a broad picture with…
In this paper we analyse different chronometers based on the models of chemical evolution developed in Chamcham, Pitts \& Tayler (1993; hereafter CPT) and Chamcham \& Tayler (1994; hereafter CT). In those papers we discussed the ability of…